diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index f02ef91571900e941101f9873fc6ec8827b4aba8..4a1b9d96bb4b2f566e0d1d24b5a19373acfbb631 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -13,13 +13,14 @@ | 成分 | 词性 | 定义 | | -- | -- | -- | | 主语 | 名词性 | 陈述对象:动作发出者或谈论的话题 | -| 谓语 | 动词性 | 陈述内容:主语的动作或状态(是..人或..的) | +| 谓语 | 动词性 | 陈述内容:主语的动作或状态
(是..人或..的) | | 宾语 | 名词性 | 动作的承受者 | -| 表语 | 名词性(身份)
形容词性(特征) | 又叫主补,补充说明主语身份(..人)或特征(..的) | +| 表语 | 名词性(身份)
形容词性(特征) | 又叫主补,补充说明主语身份
(..人)或特征(..的) | | 补语 | 大致同 表语 | 主要指宾补,补充说明宾语 | | 同位语 | 名词性 | 补充解释说明 主宾表 | -| 定语 | 形容词性 | 限定修饰 主宾表 | +| [定语/从句](docs/定语从句.md) | 形容词性 | 限定修饰 主宾表 | | 状语 | 副词性 | 主要修饰 谓语动词 | +| [虚拟句](docs/虚拟句.md) | 情绪状态 | 虚-假的,拟-假设
不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的
用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪| ## 句型结构 Sentence Structure @@ -57,8 +58,8 @@ That I love you is a lie. => It(形式主语) is a lie that I love you. > 复杂句 -* 并列 and: 主谓 and 主谓 -* 转折 but: 主谓 and 主谓 +* 并列 and/in addition: 主谓 and 主谓 +* 转折 but/while/however: 主谓 and 主谓 * 选择 or: 主谓 and 主谓 * 递进 from .. to @@ -75,85 +76,6 @@ That I love you is a lie. => It(形式主语) is a lie that I love you. * (I) fuck you! -- 面对面说话,可以省略主语 -> 虚拟句 - -(虚-假的,拟-假设;不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的;用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪) - -* 主将从现:(本来应该都是will,但是为了让句子逻辑的先后关系更加通畅,所以 rains 现在时更符合!) -* if it rains tomorrow, I will pick you up.(不是虚拟,因为有可能成立!) - - --- 对现在的虚拟 - -* 本应该是现在 I am you, were比was显得更离谱,但是为了突显假设,用错误的方式来表达一种更强烈的语气-强化语气-夸张手法 -* 如果我是你,我就弄死他! -* If I were you, I would kill him. - -* 如果我是个女的,我就嫁给他。 -* If I were a girl, I would marry him.(虚拟写错的话,就更好理解:我不是要去做手术,而是一种仰慕之情。) -* If I am a girl, I would marry him.(所以一切可能发生的事情,必然发生or已经发生) - --- 对过去的虚拟 - -* 如果你昨天(就已经)告诉我,我昨天就(已经会)来了。 -* If you told me yesterday, I would came.(看单词yesterday是个时间点) -* If you had told me yesterday, I would have come.(和中文逻辑一样,相对于今天而来,是一个时间段,从昨天到今天,已经假设完成的状态) - --- 对将来的虚拟 - -* 如果明天地球炸了,我也要和你在一起。(be to do 将会怎么做) -* If the earth were to explode tomorrow, I would be with you. - --- 杂交, 混和 mix up - -* 如果你当时说爱我,那现在我就是你的人了。 - * 前面对过去的虚拟,表示已经完成 - * 后面是将来的虚拟 - * If you had said it, I would be yours now. - --- 简化语句 (倒装句--用于强调句子) - -* If you had told me. - * 简化语句,把重要的内容提前 - * Had you told me. -* If I were you -* Were I you. - - --- 心愿 - -* It is time that we made greater efforts at work. -* It is high time --- -* It is about time --- - --- 建议 - -* I suggest that you go home now.(平等的建议, should 是一般都省略) -* I order that you should go home now.(命令是的建议, should 在语气上加强来语气) - --- 天然虚拟 - -* If only 如果。。。就好了 - * If only I were you. -* Would rather 宁愿 - * I would rather I hadn`t made Alibaba. -* As if 貌似(看起来好像是,但其实不是的) - * He talks as if he knew everything. -* Lest 以免 - * Take the umbrella, lest you would get wet.(记得拿伞,以免打湿;已经带伞了,还担心打湿吗?) -* But for 若非, 若不是 - * But for you money, we would have lost. -* It is time that 是时候该干嘛了 - * It is time that we went to bed. (是时候该去睡觉了,但是我没去) -* Wish 祝福(超越现实: 例如,祝你长命百岁) - * I wish I could fly. - * I wish someone had told me all this when I was 13.(真希望我在13岁就有人告诉我这一切) - --- 名言名句 - -* Don`t lecture me! -* Don`t judge me! - ## 目录 Catalog > 常用口语 diff --git "a/docs/\345\256\232\350\257\255\344\273\216\345\217\245.md" "b/docs/\345\256\232\350\257\255\344\273\216\345\217\245.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0be3224e1059f1f51f9774f9d0ec6deeb7699ad2 --- /dev/null +++ "b/docs/\345\256\232\350\257\255\344\273\216\345\217\245.md" @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +# 定语从句 + +## 定语从句(限定范围) who-人/which-物 + +**who-人 :定语从句形成过程** + +我认识那个在车里哭的人 (man作为主语,用who) + +* 主: 我认识那个人 +* 从: 那个人在车里哭 +* 合: 我认识那个人 那个人在车里哭 +* I know the man the man is crying in the car. (the man is crying in the car, man是主语, who不可以省略) +* I know the man who is crying in the car. + +我认识那个你喜欢的男孩 (主语用who 宾语用whom, 不过现在 主格和宾格 没严格了) + +* 主: 我认识那个男孩 +* 从: 你喜欢的男孩 +* 合: 我认识那个男孩 你喜欢的男孩 +* I know the boy you like the boy. (you like the boy, boy不是主语,who/whom可以省略) +* I know the boy who/whom you like. +* I know the boy you like. + +我认识那个喜欢你的男孩 + +* 主: 我认识那个男孩 +* 从: 喜欢你的男孩 +* 合: 我认识那个男孩 喜欢你的男孩 +* I know the boy the boy like you. (the boy like you, boy不是主语,who/whom可以省略) +* I know the boy who like you. + + +## **which-物 :定语从句形成过程** + +> which + +我不喜欢没有图片的书 + +* 主: 我不喜欢书 +* 从: 书没有图片 +* 合: 我不喜欢书 书没有图片 +* I don't like books books don't have pictures. +* I don't books which don't have pictures. + +> in which = where + +我特别讨厌我遇见他的那个城市 (in 是本来就有,所以才有 in which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为) + +* 主: 我特别讨厌这个城市 +* 从: 我遇见他的那个城市 +* 合: 我特别讨厌这个城市 我遇见他的那个城市 +* I really hate the city In the city I met him. +* I really hate the city in which (in which=where) I met him. +* I really hate the city where I met him. + +> on which = where + +我还记得你喜欢的那个城市 + +* 主: 我还记得那个城市 +* 从: 你喜欢的那个城市 +* 合: 我还记得那个城市 你喜欢的那个城市 +* I still remember the city you like the city. +* I still remeber the city which you like. + +我特别讨厌我遇见他的那张床 (on 是本来就有,所以才有 on which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为) + +* 主: 我特别讨厌这那张床 +* 从: 我遇见他的那张床 +* 合: 我特别讨厌那张床 我遇见他的那张床 +* I really hate the bed On the bed I met him. +* I really hate the bed on which (on which=where) I met him. +* I really hate the bed where I met him. + +> on which = when + +我都忘记了你在那个日子来的 (on 是本来就有,所以才有 on which=when, when 是一个偷懒的行为) + +* 主: 我都忘记了日子 +* 从: 你在那个日子来的 +* 合: 我都忘记了日子 你在那个日子来的 +* I have forgeten the day you came on the day. +* I have forgeten the day on which (on which=when) you came. +* I have forgeted the day when you came. + +> which + +这是一本我正在找的书 (介词不提前,主要是 for和looking关系更紧密一点,are looking for 作为谓语) + +* 主: 这是一本书 +* 从: 我正在找的书 +* 合: 这是一本书 我正在找的书 +* This is the book I am looking for the book. +* This is the book which I am looking for. + +> which's = whose, who's = whose + +我有一条蓝色眼睛的小狗 (which's = whose, who's = whose) + +* 主: 我有一条小狗 +* 从: 小狗的颜色是蓝色的 +* 合: 我有一条小狗 小狗的颜色是蓝色的 +* I have a dog a dog`s eyes are blue. +* I hava a dog which's eyes are blue. (当然没有 which's 这种写法) +* I hava a dog whose eyes are blue. + +> as 像 + +> for which = because of which = why + +我不理解他离开我的原因 (for which = because of which = why) + +* 主: 我不理解这个原因 +* 从: 他离开我的原因 +* 合: 我不理解这个原因 他离开我的原因 +* I don't understand the reason he left me for/because of the reason. +* I don't understand the reason for which/because of which he left me. +* I don't understand the reason why he left me. diff --git "a/docs/\350\231\232\346\213\237\345\217\245.md" "b/docs/\350\231\232\346\213\237\345\217\245.md" new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b8e2de1afe090701976ef905f039efeb69e26536 --- /dev/null +++ "b/docs/\350\231\232\346\213\237\345\217\245.md" @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +# 虚拟句 + +(虚-假的,拟-假设;不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的;用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪) + +* 主将从现:(本来应该都是will,但是为了让句子逻辑的先后关系更加通畅,所以 rains 现在时更符合!) +* if it rains tomorrow, I will pick you up.(不是虚拟,因为有可能成立!) + +## -- 对现在的虚拟 + +* 本应该是现在 I am you, were比was显得更离谱,但是为了突显假设,用错误的方式来表达一种更强烈的语气-强化语气-夸张手法 +* 如果我是你,我就弄死他! +* If I were you, I would kill him. + +* 如果我是个女的,我就嫁给他。 +* If I were a girl, I would marry him.(虚拟写错的话,就更好理解:我不是要去做手术,而是一种仰慕之情。) +* If I am a girl, I would marry him.(所以一切可能发生的事情,必然发生or已经发生) + +## -- 对过去的虚拟 + +* 如果你昨天(就已经)告诉我,我昨天就(已经会)来了。 +* If you told me yesterday, I would came.(看单词yesterday是个时间点) +* If you had told me yesterday, I would have come.(和中文逻辑一样,相对于今天而来,是一个时间段,从昨天到今天,已经假设完成的状态) + +## -- 对将来的虚拟 + +* 如果明天地球炸了,我也要和你在一起。(be to do 将会怎么做) +* If the earth were to explode tomorrow, I would be with you. + +## -- 杂交, 混和 mix up + +* 如果你当时说爱我,那现在我就是你的人了。 + * 前面对过去的虚拟,表示已经完成 + * 后面是将来的虚拟 + * If you had said it, I would be yours now. + +## -- 简化语句 (倒装句--用于强调句子) + +* If you had told me. + * 简化语句,把重要的内容提前 + * Had you told me. +* If I were you +* Were I you. + +## -- 心愿 + +* It is time that we made greater efforts at work. +* It is high time --- +* It is about time --- + +## -- 建议 + +* I suggest that you go home now.(平等的建议, should 是一般都省略) +* I order that you should go home now.(命令是的建议, should 在语气上加强来语气) + +## -- 天然虚拟 + +* If only 如果。。。就好了 + * If only I were you. +* Would rather 宁愿 + * I would rather I hadn`t made Alibaba. +* As if 貌似(看起来好像是,但其实不是的) + * He talks as if he knew everything. +* Lest 以免 + * Take the umbrella, lest you would get wet.(记得拿伞,以免打湿;已经带伞了,还担心打湿吗?) +* But for 若非, 若不是 + * But for you money, we would have lost. +* It is time that 是时候该干嘛了 + * It is time that we went to bed. (是时候该去睡觉了,但是我没去) +* Wish 祝福(超越现实: 例如,祝你长命百岁) + * I wish I could fly. + * I wish someone had told me all this when I was 13.(真希望我在13岁就有人告诉我这一切) + +--- + +名言名句 + +* Don`t lecture me! +* Don`t judge me!