/*******************************************************************************
 * Copyright (c) 2009, 2018 IBM Corp.
 *
 * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
 * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0
 * and Eclipse Distribution License v1.0 which accompany this distribution. 
 *
 * The Eclipse Public License is available at 
 *    http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
 * and the Eclipse Distribution License is available at 
 *   http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
 *
 * Contributors:
 *    Dave Locke - initial API and implementation and/or initial documentation
 *    Ian Craggs - per subscription message handlers (bug 466579)
 *    Ian Craggs - ack control (bug 472172)
 *    James Sutton - checkForActivity Token (bug 473928)
 *    James Sutton - Automatic Reconnect & Offline Buffering.
 */
package org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal;

import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.BufferedMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttActionListener;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttAsyncClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttMessageListener;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallbackExtended;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClientPersistence;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPingSender;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal.wire.MqttConnack;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal.wire.MqttConnect;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal.wire.MqttDisconnect;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal.wire.MqttPublish;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.internal.wire.MqttWireMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.logging.Logger;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.logging.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Handles client communications with the server.  Sends and receives MQTT V3
 * messages.
 */
public class ClientComms {
	public static String 		VERSION = "${project.version}";
	public static String 		BUILD_LEVEL = "L${build.level}";
	private final String CLASS_NAME = ClientComms.class.getName();
	private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerFactory.MQTT_CLIENT_MSG_CAT,CLASS_NAME);

	private static final byte CONNECTED	= 0;
	private static final byte CONNECTING	= 1;
	private static final byte DISCONNECTING	= 2;
	private static final byte DISCONNECTED	= 3;
	private static final byte CLOSED	= 4;

	private IMqttAsyncClient 		client;
	private int 					networkModuleIndex;
	private NetworkModule[]			networkModules;
	private CommsReceiver 			receiver;
	private CommsSender 			sender;
	private CommsCallback 			callback;
	private ClientState	 			clientState;
	private MqttConnectOptions		conOptions;
	private MqttClientPersistence	persistence;
	private MqttPingSender			pingSender;
	private CommsTokenStore 		tokenStore;
	private boolean 				stoppingComms = false;

	private byte	conState = DISCONNECTED;
	private Object	conLock = new Object();  	// Used to synchronize connection state
	private boolean	closePending = false;
	private boolean resting = false;
	private DisconnectedMessageBuffer disconnectedMessageBuffer;

	private ExecutorService executorService;

	/**
	 * Creates a new ClientComms object, using the specified module to handle
	 * the network calls.
	 * @param client The {@link IMqttAsyncClient}
	 * @param persistence the {@link MqttClientPersistence} layer.
	 * @param pingSender the {@link MqttPingSender}
	 * @param executorService the {@link ExecutorService}
	 * @throws MqttException if an exception occurs whilst communicating with the server
	 */
	public ClientComms(IMqttAsyncClient client, MqttClientPersistence persistence, MqttPingSender pingSender, ExecutorService executorService) throws MqttException {
		this.conState = DISCONNECTED;
		this.client 	= client;
		this.persistence = persistence;
		this.pingSender = pingSender;
		this.pingSender.init(this);
		this.executorService = executorService;

		this.tokenStore = new CommsTokenStore(getClient().getClientId());
		this.callback 	= new CommsCallback(this);
		this.clientState = new ClientState(persistence, tokenStore, this.callback, this, pingSender);

		callback.setClientState(clientState);
		log.setResourceName(getClient().getClientId());
	}

	CommsReceiver getReceiver() {
		return receiver;
	}

	private void shutdownExecutorService() {
		String methodName = "shutdownExecutorService";
		executorService.shutdown();
		try {
			if (executorService != null && conOptions != null ) {
				if (!executorService.awaitTermination(conOptions.getExecutorServiceTimeout(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
					executorService.shutdownNow();
					if (!executorService.awaitTermination(conOptions.getExecutorServiceTimeout(), TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
						log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "executorService did not terminate");
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
			executorService.shutdownNow();
			Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sends a message to the server. Does not check if connected this validation must be done
	 * by invoking routines.
	 * @param message
	 * @param token
	 * @throws MqttException
	 */
	void internalSend(MqttWireMessage message, MqttToken token) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "internalSend";
		//@TRACE 200=internalSend key={0} message={1} token={2}
		log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "200", new Object[]{message.getKey(), message, token});

		if (token.getClient() == null ) {
			// Associate the client with the token - also marks it as in use.
			token.internalTok.setClient(getClient());
		} else {
			// Token is already in use - cannot reuse
			//@TRACE 213=fail: token in use: key={0} message={1} token={2}
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "213", new Object[]{message.getKey(), message, token});

			throw new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_TOKEN_INUSE);
		}

		try {
			// Persist if needed and send the message
			this.clientState.send(message, token);
		} catch(MqttException e) {
			token.internalTok.setClient(null); // undo client setting on error
			if (message instanceof MqttPublish) {
				this.clientState.undo((MqttPublish)message);
			}
			throw e;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sends a message to the broker if in connected state, but only waits for the message to be
	 * stored, before returning.
	 * @param message The {@link MqttWireMessage} to send
	 * @param token The {@link MqttToken} to send.
	 * @throws MqttException if an error occurs sending the message
	 */
	public void sendNoWait(MqttWireMessage message, MqttToken token) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "sendNoWait";
		if (isConnected() ||
				(!isConnected() && message instanceof MqttConnect) ||
				(isDisconnecting() && message instanceof MqttDisconnect)) {
			if(disconnectedMessageBuffer != null && disconnectedMessageBuffer.getMessageCount() != 0){
				//@TRACE 507=Client Connected, Offline Buffer available, but not empty. Adding message to buffer. message={0}
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "507", new Object[] {message.getKey()});
				if(disconnectedMessageBuffer.isPersistBuffer()){
					this.clientState.persistBufferedMessage(message);
				}
				disconnectedMessageBuffer.putMessage(message, token);
			} else {
				this.internalSend(message, token);
			}
		} else if(disconnectedMessageBuffer != null) {
			//@TRACE 508=Offline Buffer available. Adding message to buffer. message={0}
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "508", new Object[] {message.getKey()});
			if(disconnectedMessageBuffer.isPersistBuffer()){
				this.clientState.persistBufferedMessage(message);
			}
			disconnectedMessageBuffer.putMessage(message, token);
		} else {
			//@TRACE 208=failed: not connected
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "208");
			throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_NOT_CONNECTED);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Removes the message corresponding to the token from the outbound queue and persistence.
	 * @param token The {@link IMqttDeliveryToken} to remove
	 * @return if the message is removed, then true, otherwise false
	 * @throws MqttException if an error occurs sending the message
	 */
	public boolean removeMessage(IMqttDeliveryToken token) throws MqttException {
		return this.clientState.removeMessage(token);
	}

	/**
	 * Close and tidy up.
	 *
	 * Call each main class and let it tidy up e.g. releasing the token
	 * store which normally survives a disconnect.
	 * @param force - whether to force the connection to close.
	 * @throws MqttException  if not disconnected
	 */
	public void close(boolean force) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "close";
		synchronized (conLock) {
			if (!isClosed()) {
				// Must be disconnected before close can take place or if we are being forced
				if (!isDisconnected() || force) {
					//@TRACE 224=failed: not disconnected
					log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "224");

					if (isConnecting()) {
						throw new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS);
					} else if (isConnected()) {
						throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_CONNECTED);
					} else if (isDisconnecting()) {
						closePending = true;
						return;
					}
				}

				conState = CLOSED;
				// Don't shut down an externally supplied executor service 
				//shutdownExecutorService();
				// ShutdownConnection has already cleaned most things
				clientState.close();
				clientState = null;
				callback = null;
				persistence = null;
				sender = null;
				pingSender = null;
				receiver = null;
				networkModules = null;
				conOptions = null;
				tokenStore = null;
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sends a connect message and waits for an ACK or NACK.
	 * Connecting is a special case which will also start up the
	 * network connection, receive thread, and keep alive thread.
	 * @param options The {@link MqttConnectOptions} for the connection
	 * @param token The {@link MqttToken} to track the connection
	 * @throws MqttException if an error occurs when connecting
	 */
	public void connect(MqttConnectOptions options, MqttToken token) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "connect";
		synchronized (conLock) {
			if (isDisconnected() && !closePending) {
				//@TRACE 214=state=CONNECTING
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"214");

				conState = CONNECTING;

				conOptions = options;

                MqttConnect connect = new MqttConnect(client.getClientId(),
                        conOptions.getMqttVersion(),
                        conOptions.isCleanSession(),
                        conOptions.getKeepAliveInterval(),
                        conOptions.getUserName(),
                        conOptions.getPassword(),
                        conOptions.getWillMessage(),
                        conOptions.getWillDestination());

                this.clientState.setKeepAliveSecs(conOptions.getKeepAliveInterval());
                this.clientState.setCleanSession(conOptions.isCleanSession());
                this.clientState.setMaxInflight(conOptions.getMaxInflight());

				tokenStore.open();
				ConnectBG conbg = new ConnectBG(this, token, connect, executorService);
				conbg.start();
			}
			else {
				// @TRACE 207=connect failed: not disconnected {0}
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"207", new Object[] {Byte.valueOf(conState)});
				if (isClosed() || closePending) {
					throw new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_CLOSED);
				} else if (isConnecting()) {
					throw new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CONNECT_IN_PROGRESS);
				} else if (isDisconnecting()) {
					throw new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_DISCONNECTING);
				} else {
					throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_CONNECTED);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	public void connectComplete( MqttConnack cack, MqttException mex) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "connectComplete";
		int rc = cack.getReturnCode();
		synchronized (conLock) {
			if (rc == 0) {
				// We've successfully connected
				// @TRACE 215=state=CONNECTED
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"215");

				conState = CONNECTED;
				return;
			}
		}

		// @TRACE 204=connect failed: rc={0}
		log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"204", new Object[]{Integer.valueOf(rc)});
		throw mex;
	}

	/**
	 * Shuts down the connection to the server.
	 * This may have been invoked as a result of a user calling disconnect or
	 * an abnormal disconnection.  The method may be invoked multiple times
	 * in parallel as each thread when it receives an error uses this method
	 * to ensure that shutdown completes successfully.
	 * @param token the {@link MqttToken} To track closing the connection
	 * @param reason the {@link MqttException} thrown requiring the connection to be shut down.
	 */
	public void shutdownConnection(MqttToken token, MqttException reason) {
		final String methodName = "shutdownConnection";
		boolean wasConnected;
		MqttToken endToken = null; 		//Token to notify after disconnect completes

		// This method could concurrently be invoked from many places only allow it
		// to run once.
		synchronized(conLock) {
			if (stoppingComms || closePending || isClosed()) {
				return;
			}
			stoppingComms = true;

			//@TRACE 216=state=DISCONNECTING
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"216");

			wasConnected = (isConnected() || isDisconnecting());
			conState = DISCONNECTING;
		}

		// Update the token with the reason for shutdown if it
		// is not already complete.
		if (token != null && !token.isComplete()) {
			token.internalTok.setException(reason);
		}

		// Stop the thread that is used to call the user back
		// when actions complete
		if (callback!= null) {callback.stop(); }

		// Stop the thread that handles inbound work from the network
		if (receiver != null) {receiver.stop();}
		
		// Stop the network module, send and receive now not possible
		try {
			if (networkModules != null) {
				NetworkModule networkModule = networkModules[networkModuleIndex];
				if (networkModule != null) {
					networkModule.stop();
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception ioe) {
			// Ignore as we are shutting down
		}

		// Stop any new tokens being saved by app and throwing an exception if they do
		tokenStore.quiesce(new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_DISCONNECTING));

		// Notify any outstanding tokens with the exception of
		// con or discon which may be returned and will be notified at
		// the end
		endToken = handleOldTokens(token, reason);

		try {
			// Clean session handling and tidy up
			clientState.disconnected(reason);
			if (clientState.getCleanSession())
				callback.removeMessageListeners();
		}catch(Exception ex) {
			// Ignore as we are shutting down
		}

		if (sender != null) { sender.stop(); }
		
		if (pingSender != null){
			pingSender.stop();
		}

		try {
			if(disconnectedMessageBuffer == null && persistence != null){
				persistence.close();
			}
			
		}catch(Exception ex) {
			// Ignore as we are shutting down
		}
		// All disconnect logic has been completed allowing the
		// client to be marked as disconnected.
		synchronized(conLock) {
			//@TRACE 217=state=DISCONNECTED
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"217");

			conState = DISCONNECTED;
			stoppingComms = false;
		}

		// Internal disconnect processing has completed.  If there
		// is a disconnect token or a connect in error notify
		// it now. This is done at the end to allow a new connect
		// to be processed and now throw a currently disconnecting error.
		// any outstanding tokens and unblock any waiters
		if (endToken != null && callback != null) {
			callback.asyncOperationComplete(endToken);
		}

		if (wasConnected && callback != null) {
			// Let the user know client has disconnected either normally or abnormally
			callback.connectionLost(reason);
		}

		// While disconnecting, close may have been requested - try it now
		synchronized(conLock) {
			if (closePending) {
				try {
					close(true);
				} catch (Exception e) { // ignore any errors as closing
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// Tidy up. There may be tokens outstanding as the client was
	// not disconnected/quiseced cleanly! Work out what tokens still
	// need to be notified and waiters unblocked. Store the
	// disconnect or connect token to notify after disconnect is
	// complete.
	private MqttToken handleOldTokens(MqttToken token, MqttException reason) {
		final String methodName = "handleOldTokens";
		//@TRACE 222=>
		log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"222");

		MqttToken tokToNotifyLater = null;
		try {
			// First the token that was related to the disconnect / shutdown may
			// not be in the token table - temporarily add it if not
			if (token != null) {
				if (tokenStore.getToken(token.internalTok.getKey())==null) {
					tokenStore.saveToken(token, token.internalTok.getKey());
				}
			}

			Vector toksToNot = clientState.resolveOldTokens(reason);
			Enumeration toksToNotE = toksToNot.elements();
			while(toksToNotE.hasMoreElements()) {
				MqttToken tok = (MqttToken)toksToNotE.nextElement();

				if (tok.internalTok.getKey().equals(MqttDisconnect.KEY) ||
						tok.internalTok.getKey().equals(MqttConnect.KEY)) {
					// Its con or discon so remember and notify @ end of disc routine
					tokToNotifyLater = tok;
				} else {
					// notify waiters and callbacks of outstanding tokens
					// that a problem has occurred and disconnect is in
					// progress
					callback.asyncOperationComplete(tok);
				}
			}
		}catch(Exception ex) {
			// Ignore as we are shutting down
		}
		return tokToNotifyLater;
	}

	public void disconnect(MqttDisconnect disconnect, long quiesceTimeout, MqttToken token) throws MqttException {
		final String methodName = "disconnect";
		synchronized (conLock){
			if (isClosed()) {
				//@TRACE 223=failed: in closed state
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"223");
				throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_CLOSED);
			} else if (isDisconnected()) {
				//@TRACE 211=failed: already disconnected
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"211");
				throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_ALREADY_DISCONNECTED);
			} else if (isDisconnecting()) {
				//@TRACE 219=failed: already disconnecting
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"219");
				throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_DISCONNECTING);
			} else if (Thread.currentThread() == callback.getThread()) {
				//@TRACE 210=failed: called on callback thread
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"210");
				// Not allowed to call disconnect() from the callback, as it will deadlock.
				throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_DISCONNECT_PROHIBITED);
			}

			//@TRACE 218=state=DISCONNECTING
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"218");
			conState = DISCONNECTING;
			DisconnectBG discbg = new DisconnectBG(disconnect,quiesceTimeout,token, executorService);
			discbg.start();
		}
	}

        public void disconnectForcibly(long quiesceTimeout, long disconnectTimeout) throws MqttException {
		disconnectForcibly(quiesceTimeout, disconnectTimeout, true);
	}	

	/**
	 * Disconnect the connection and reset all the states.
	 * @param quiesceTimeout How long to wait whilst quiesing before messages are deleted.
	 * @param disconnectTimeout How long to wait whilst disconnecting
	 * @param sendDisconnectPacket If true, will send a disconnect packet
	 * @throws MqttException if an error occurs whilst disconnecting
	 */
	public void disconnectForcibly(long quiesceTimeout, long disconnectTimeout, boolean sendDisconnectPacket) throws MqttException {
		conState = DISCONNECTING;
		// Allow current inbound and outbound work to complete
		if (clientState != null) {
			clientState.quiesce(quiesceTimeout);
		}
		MqttToken token = new MqttToken(client.getClientId());
		try {
			// Send disconnect packet
			if(sendDisconnectPacket) {
				internalSend(new MqttDisconnect(), token);

				// Wait util the disconnect packet sent with timeout
				token.waitForCompletion(disconnectTimeout);
			}
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			// ignore, probably means we failed to send the disconnect packet.
		}
		finally {
			token.internalTok.markComplete(null, null);
			shutdownConnection(token, null);
		}
	}

	public boolean isConnected() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return conState == CONNECTED;
		}
	}

	public boolean isConnecting() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return conState == CONNECTING;
		}
	}

	public boolean isDisconnected() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return conState == DISCONNECTED;
		}
	}

	public boolean isDisconnecting() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return conState == DISCONNECTING;
		}
	}

	public boolean isClosed() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return conState == CLOSED;
		}
	}
	
	public boolean isResting() {
		synchronized (conLock) {
			return resting;
		}
	}


	public void setCallback(MqttCallback mqttCallback) {
		this.callback.setCallback(mqttCallback);
	}
	
	public void setReconnectCallback(MqttCallbackExtended callback){
		this.callback.setReconnectCallback(callback);
	}
	
	public void setManualAcks(boolean manualAcks) {
		this.callback.setManualAcks(manualAcks);
	}
	
	public void messageArrivedComplete(int messageId, int qos) throws MqttException {
		this.callback.messageArrivedComplete(messageId, qos);
	}
	
	public void setMessageListener(String topicFilter, IMqttMessageListener messageListener) {
		this.callback.setMessageListener(topicFilter, messageListener);
	}
	
	public void removeMessageListener(String topicFilter) {
		this.callback.removeMessageListener(topicFilter);
	}

	protected MqttTopic getTopic(String topic) {
		return new MqttTopic(topic, this);
	}
	public void setNetworkModuleIndex(int index) {
		this.networkModuleIndex = index;
	}
	public int getNetworkModuleIndex() {
		return networkModuleIndex;
	}
	public NetworkModule[] getNetworkModules() {
		return networkModules;
	}
	public void setNetworkModules(NetworkModule[] networkModules) {
		this.networkModules = networkModules.clone();
	}
	public MqttDeliveryToken[] getPendingDeliveryTokens() {
		return tokenStore.getOutstandingDelTokens();
	}
	
	protected void deliveryComplete(MqttPublish msg) throws MqttPersistenceException {
		this.clientState.deliveryComplete(msg);
	}
	
	protected void deliveryComplete(int messageId) throws MqttPersistenceException {
		this.clientState.deliveryComplete(messageId);
	}

	public IMqttAsyncClient getClient() {
		return client;
	}

	public long getKeepAlive() {
		return this.clientState.getKeepAlive();
	}

	public ClientState getClientState() {
		return clientState;
	}

	public MqttConnectOptions getConOptions() {
		return conOptions;
	}

	public Properties getDebug() {
		Properties props = new Properties();
		props.put("conState", Integer.valueOf(conState));
		props.put("serverURI", getClient().getServerURI());
		props.put("callback", callback);
		props.put("stoppingComms", new Boolean(stoppingComms));
		return props;
	}



	// Kick off the connect processing in the background so that it does not block. For instance
	// the socket could take time to create.
	private class ConnectBG implements Runnable {
		ClientComms 	clientComms = null;
		MqttToken 		conToken;
		MqttConnect 	conPacket;
		private String threadName;

		ConnectBG(ClientComms cc, MqttToken cToken, MqttConnect cPacket, ExecutorService executorService) {
			clientComms = cc;
			conToken 	= cToken;
			conPacket 	= cPacket;
			threadName = "MQTT Con: "+getClient().getClientId();
		}

		void start() {
			if (executorService == null) {
				new Thread(this).start();
			} else {
				executorService.execute(this);
			}
		}

		public void run() {
			Thread.currentThread().setName(threadName);
			final String methodName = "connectBG:run";
			MqttException mqttEx = null;
			//@TRACE 220=>
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "220");

			try {
				// Reset an exception on existing delivery tokens.
				// This will have been set if disconnect occurred before delivery was
				// fully processed.
				MqttDeliveryToken[] toks = tokenStore.getOutstandingDelTokens();
				for (int i=0; i<toks.length; i++) {
					toks[i].internalTok.setException(null);
				}

				// Save the connect token in tokenStore as failure can occur before send
				tokenStore.saveToken(conToken,conPacket);

				// Connect to the server at the network level e.g. TCP socket and then
				// start the background processing threads before sending the connect
				// packet.
				NetworkModule networkModule = networkModules[networkModuleIndex];
				networkModule.start();
				receiver = new CommsReceiver(clientComms, clientState, tokenStore, networkModule.getInputStream());
				receiver.start("MQTT Rec: "+getClient().getClientId(), executorService);
				sender = new CommsSender(clientComms, clientState, tokenStore, networkModule.getOutputStream());
				sender.start("MQTT Snd: "+getClient().getClientId(), executorService);
				callback.start("MQTT Call: "+getClient().getClientId(), executorService);
				internalSend(conPacket, conToken);
			} catch (MqttException ex) {
				//@TRACE 212=connect failed: unexpected exception
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "212", null, ex);
				mqttEx = ex;
			} catch (Exception ex) {
				//@TRACE 209=connect failed: unexpected exception
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "209", null, ex);
				mqttEx =  ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(ex);
			}

			if (mqttEx != null) {
				shutdownConnection(conToken, mqttEx);
			}
		}
	}

	// Kick off the disconnect processing in the background so that it does not block. For instance
	// the quiesce
	private class DisconnectBG implements Runnable {
		MqttDisconnect disconnect;
		long quiesceTimeout;
		MqttToken token;
		private String threadName;

		DisconnectBG(MqttDisconnect disconnect, long quiesceTimeout, MqttToken token, ExecutorService executorService) {
			this.disconnect = disconnect;
			this.quiesceTimeout = quiesceTimeout;
			this.token = token;
		}

		void start() {
			threadName = "MQTT Disc: "+getClient().getClientId();
			if (executorService == null) {
				new Thread(this).start();
			} else {
				executorService.execute(this);
			}
		}

		public void run() {
			Thread.currentThread().setName(threadName);
			final String methodName = "disconnectBG:run";
			//@TRACE 221=>
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "221");

			// Allow current inbound and outbound work to complete
			clientState.quiesce(quiesceTimeout);
			try {
				internalSend(disconnect, token);
				// do not wait if the sender process is not running
				if (sender != null && sender.isRunning()) {
					token.internalTok.waitUntilSent();
				}
			}
			catch (MqttException ex) {
			}
			finally {
				token.internalTok.markComplete(null, null);
				if (sender == null || !sender.isRunning()) {
					// if the sender process is not running 
					token.internalTok.notifyComplete();
				}
				shutdownConnection(token, null);
			}
		}
	}
	
	/*
	 * Check and send a ping if needed and check for ping timeout.
	 * Need to send a ping if nothing has been sent or received 
	 * in the last keepalive interval.
	 */
	public MqttToken checkForActivity(){
		return this.checkForActivity(null);
	}
	
	/*
	 * Check and send a ping if needed and check for ping timeout.
	 * Need to send a ping if nothing has been sent or received 
	 * in the last keepalive interval.
	 * Passes an IMqttActionListener to ClientState.checkForActivity
	 * so that the callbacks are attached as soon as the token is created
	 * (Bug 473928) 
	 */
	public MqttToken checkForActivity(IMqttActionListener pingCallback){
		MqttToken token = null;
		try{
			token = clientState.checkForActivity(pingCallback);
		}catch(MqttException e){
			handleRunException(e);
		}catch(Exception e){
			handleRunException(e);
		}
		return token;
	}	
	
	private void handleRunException(Exception ex) {
		final String methodName = "handleRunException";
		//@TRACE 804=exception
		log.fine(CLASS_NAME,methodName,"804",null, ex);
		MqttException mex;
		if ( !(ex instanceof MqttException)) {
			mex = new MqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CONNECTION_LOST, ex);
		} else {
			mex = (MqttException)ex;
		}

		shutdownConnection(null, mex);
	}

	/**
	 * When Automatic reconnect is enabled, we want ClientComs to enter the
	 * 'resting' state if disconnected. This will allow us to publish messages
	 * @param resting if true, resting is enabled
	 */
	public void setRestingState(boolean resting) {
		this.resting = resting;
	}

	public void setDisconnectedMessageBuffer(DisconnectedMessageBuffer disconnectedMessageBuffer) {
		this.disconnectedMessageBuffer = disconnectedMessageBuffer;
	}
	
	public int getBufferedMessageCount(){
		return this.disconnectedMessageBuffer.getMessageCount();
	}
	
	public MqttMessage getBufferedMessage(int bufferIndex){
		MqttPublish send = (MqttPublish) this.disconnectedMessageBuffer.getMessage(bufferIndex).getMessage();
		return send.getMessage();
	}
	
	public void deleteBufferedMessage(int bufferIndex){
		this.disconnectedMessageBuffer.deleteMessage(bufferIndex);
	}
	

	/**
	 * When the client connects, we want to send all messages from the
	 * buffer first before allowing the user to send any messages
	 */
	public void notifyConnect() {
		final String methodName = "notifyConnect";
		if(disconnectedMessageBuffer != null){
			//@TRACE 509=Client Connected, Offline Buffer Available. Sending Buffered Messages.
			log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "509", null);

			disconnectedMessageBuffer.setPublishCallback(new ReconnectDisconnectedBufferCallback(methodName));
			if (executorService == null) {
				new Thread(disconnectedMessageBuffer).start();
			} else {
				executorService.execute(disconnectedMessageBuffer);
			}
		}
	}
	
	class ReconnectDisconnectedBufferCallback implements IDisconnectedBufferCallback{
		
		final String methodName;
		
		ReconnectDisconnectedBufferCallback(String methodName) {
			this.methodName = methodName;
		}
		
		public void publishBufferedMessage(BufferedMessage bufferedMessage) throws MqttException {
			if (isConnected()) {
				// First pass at making sure that we don't flood the in-flight messages
				while(clientState.getActualInFlight() >= (clientState.getMaxInFlight()-3)){
					// We need to Yield to the other threads to allow the in flight messages to clear
					Thread.yield();
					
				}
				//@TRACE 510=Publishing Buffered message message={0}
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "510", new Object[] {bufferedMessage.getMessage().getKey()});
				internalSend(bufferedMessage.getMessage(), bufferedMessage.getToken());
				
				// Delete from persistence if in there
				clientState.unPersistBufferedMessage(bufferedMessage.getMessage());
			} else {
				//@TRACE 208=failed: not connected
				log.fine(CLASS_NAME, methodName, "208");
				throw ExceptionHelper.createMqttException(MqttException.REASON_CODE_CLIENT_NOT_CONNECTED);
			}	
		}
	}

	public int getActualInFlight() {
		return this.clientState.getActualInFlight();
	}

}
