定语从句.md

# 定语从句 (限定范围) who-人/which-物

## **who-人 :定语从句形成过程**

我认识那个在车里哭的人 (man作为主语，用who)

* 主： 我认识那个人
* 从： 那个人在车里哭
* 合： 我认识那个人 那个人在车里哭
* I know the man   the man is crying in the car. （the man is crying in the car, man是主语， who不可以省略）
* I know the man who is crying in the car.

我认识那个你喜欢的男孩 (主语用who 宾语用whom, 不过现在 主格和宾格 没严格了)

* 主： 我认识那个男孩
* 从： 你喜欢的男孩
* 合： 我认识那个男孩   你喜欢的男孩
* I know the boy    you like the boy. （you like the boy, boy不是主语，who/whom可以省略）
* I know the boy who/whom you like. 
* I know the boy you like.

我认识那个喜欢你的男孩

* 主： 我认识那个男孩
* 从： 喜欢你的男孩
* 合： 我认识那个男孩   喜欢你的男孩
* I know the boy    the boy like you. （the boy like you, boy不是主语，who/whom可以省略）
* I know the boy who like you. 


## **which-物 :定语从句形成过程**

> which

我不喜欢没有图片的书

* 主： 我不喜欢书
* 从： 书没有图片
* 合： 我不喜欢书 书没有图片
* I don't like books   books don't have pictures.
* I don't books which don't have pictures.

> in which = where

我特别讨厌我遇见他的那个城市 (in 是本来就有，所以才有 in which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为)

* 主： 我特别讨厌这个城市
* 从： 我遇见他的那个城市
* 合： 我特别讨厌这个城市   我遇见他的那个城市
* I really hate the city  In the city I met him.
* I really hate the city in which (in which=where) I met him.
* I really hate the city where I met him.

> on which = where

我还记得你喜欢的那个城市

* 主： 我还记得那个城市
* 从： 你喜欢的那个城市
* 合： 我还记得那个城市   你喜欢的那个城市
* I still remember the city    you like the city.
* I still remeber the city which you like.

我特别讨厌我遇见他的那张床 (on 是本来就有，所以才有 on which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为)

* 主： 我特别讨厌这那张床
* 从： 我遇见他的那张床
* 合： 我特别讨厌那张床   我遇见他的那张床
* I really hate the bed  On the bed I met him.
* I really hate the bed on which (on which=where) I met him.
* I really hate the bed where I met him.

> on which = when

我都忘记了你在那个日子来的 (on 是本来就有，所以才有 on which=when, when 是一个偷懒的行为)

* 主： 我都忘记了日子
* 从： 你在那个日子来的
* 合： 我都忘记了日子   你在那个日子来的
* I have forgeten the day    you came on the day.
* I have forgeten the day on which (on which=when) you came.
* I have forgeted the day when you came.

> which 

这是一本我正在找的书 （介词不提前，主要是 for和looking关系更紧密一点，are looking for 作为谓语）

* 主： 这是一本书
* 从： 我正在找的书
* 合： 这是一本书  我正在找的书
* This is the book     I am looking for the book.
* This is the book which I am looking for.

> which's = whose, who's = whose

我有一条蓝色眼睛的小狗 (which's = whose, who's = whose)

* 主： 我有一条小狗
* 从： 小狗的颜色是蓝色的
* 合： 我有一条小狗   小狗的颜色是蓝色的
* I have a dog    a dog`s eyes are blue.
* I hava a dog which's eyes are blue.  (当然没有 which's 这种写法)
* I hava a dog whose eyes are blue.

> as 像

> for which = because of which = why

我不理解他离开我的原因 (for which = because of which = why)

* 主： 我不理解这个原因
* 从： 他离开我的原因
* 合： 我不理解这个原因   他离开我的原因
* I don't understand the reason    he left me  for/because of   the reason.
* I don't understand the reason  for which/because of which    he left me.
* I don't understand the reason why he left me.

## 非限定 定语从句（补充说明） - 插入语

* I like my father, who is good to me.
* He left without bye bye, which made me sad. 
* I'm from China, which is my home.

## That 偷懒行为 (which/who = that)

* which = that
* where = (in/on) + which
* 所以: where != that    (而 in that 因为; 原因是;)


* I'm from China, which is my home.
* => I'm from China, and that is my home.  （两个句子连接，需要连接词，不然就变成2个句子了）

## 必须用 that 有强调作用

all, everything, anything, nothing, little,
much, any, each, no, some, few, the only, the very,
the ---est, the ---th.

* You are the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

--> 特例（严谨性）

You are not the only one who understands contract.（用who主要是想说这是人，而that(不合适)因为它还可以表示物）

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I know the man (who is) smiling in the car = I know the man smiling in the car.