未验证 提交 df3b7682 编写于 作者: 片刻小哥哥's avatar 片刻小哥哥 提交者: GitHub

Merge pull request #10 from jiangzhonglian/master

添加定语从句
......@@ -13,13 +13,14 @@
| 成分 | 词性 | 定义 |
| -- | -- | -- |
| 主语 | 名词性 | 陈述对象:动作发出者或谈论的话题 |
| 谓语 | 动词性 | 陈述内容:主语的动作或状态(是..人或..的) |
| 谓语 | 动词性 | 陈述内容:主语的动作或状态 <br/> (是..人或..的) |
| 宾语 | 名词性 | 动作的承受者 |
| 表语 | 名词性(身份)<br/>形容词性(特征) | 又叫主补,补充说明主语身份(..人)或特征(..的) |
| 表语 | 名词性(身份)<br/>形容词性(特征) | 又叫主补,补充说明主语身份 <br/> (..人)或特征(..的) |
| 补语 | 大致同 表语 | 主要指宾补,补充说明宾语 |
| 同位语 | 名词性 | 补充解释说明 主宾表 |
| 定语 | 形容词性 | 限定修饰 主宾表 |
| [定语/从句](docs/定语从句.md) | 形容词性 | 限定修饰 主宾表 |
| 状语 | 副词性 | 主要修饰 谓语动词 |
| [虚拟句](docs/虚拟句.md) | 情绪状态 | 虚-假的,拟-假设 <br/> 不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的 <br/>用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪|
## 句型结构 Sentence Structure
......@@ -57,8 +58,8 @@ That I love you is a lie. => It(形式主语) is a lie that I love you.
> 复杂句
* 并列 and: 主谓 and 主谓
* 转折 but: 主谓 and 主谓
* 并列 and/in addition: 主谓 and 主谓
* 转折 but/while/however: 主谓 and 主谓
* 选择 or: 主谓 and 主谓
* 递进 from .. to
......@@ -75,85 +76,6 @@ That I love you is a lie. => It(形式主语) is a lie that I love you.
* (I) fuck you! -- 面对面说话,可以省略主语
> 虚拟句
(虚-假的,拟-假设;不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的;用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪)
* 主将从现:(本来应该都是will,但是为了让句子逻辑的先后关系更加通畅,所以 rains 现在时更符合!)
* if it rains tomorrow, I will pick you up.(不是虚拟,因为有可能成立!)
-- 对现在的虚拟
* 本应该是现在 I am you, were比was显得更离谱,但是为了突显假设,用错误的方式来表达一种更强烈的语气-强化语气-夸张手法
* 如果我是你,我就弄死他!
* If I were you, I would kill him.
* 如果我是个女的,我就嫁给他。
* If I were a girl, I would marry him.(虚拟写错的话,就更好理解:我不是要去做手术,而是一种仰慕之情。)
* If I am a girl, I would marry him.(所以一切可能发生的事情,必然发生or已经发生)
-- 对过去的虚拟
* 如果你昨天(就已经)告诉我,我昨天就(已经会)来了。
* If you told me yesterday, I would came.(看单词yesterday是个时间点)
* If you had told me yesterday, I would have come.(和中文逻辑一样,相对于今天而来,是一个时间段,从昨天到今天,已经假设完成的状态)
-- 对将来的虚拟
* 如果明天地球炸了,我也要和你在一起。(be to do 将会怎么做)
* If the earth were to explode tomorrow, I would be with you.
-- 杂交, 混和 mix up
* 如果你当时说爱我,那现在我就是你的人了。
* 前面对过去的虚拟,表示已经完成
* 后面是将来的虚拟
* If you had said it, I would be yours now.
-- 简化语句 (倒装句--用于强调句子)
* If you had told me.
* 简化语句,把重要的内容提前
* Had you told me.
* If I were you
* Were I you.
-- 心愿
* It is time that we made greater efforts at work.
* It is high time ---
* It is about time ---
-- 建议
* I suggest that you go home now.(平等的建议, should 是一般都省略)
* I order that you should go home now.(命令是的建议, should 在语气上加强来语气)
-- 天然虚拟
* If only 如果。。。就好了
* If only I were you.
* Would rather 宁愿
* I would rather I hadn`t made Alibaba.
* As if 貌似(看起来好像是,但其实不是的)
* He talks as if he knew everything.
* Lest 以免
* Take the umbrella, lest you would get wet.(记得拿伞,以免打湿;已经带伞了,还担心打湿吗?)
* But for 若非, 若不是
* But for you money, we would have lost.
* It is time that 是时候该干嘛了
* It is time that we went to bed. (是时候该去睡觉了,但是我没去)
* Wish 祝福(超越现实: 例如,祝你长命百岁)
* I wish I could fly.
* I wish someone had told me all this when I was 13.(真希望我在13岁就有人告诉我这一切)
-- 名言名句
* Don`t lecture me!
* Don`t judge me!
## 目录 Catalog
> 常用口语
......
# 定语从句
## 定语从句(限定范围) who-人/which-物
**who-人 :定语从句形成过程**
我认识那个在车里哭的人 (man作为主语,用who)
* 主: 我认识那个人
* 从: 那个人在车里哭
* 合: 我认识那个人 那个人在车里哭
* I know the man the man is crying in the car. (the man is crying in the car, man是主语, who不可以省略)
* I know the man who is crying in the car.
我认识那个你喜欢的男孩 (主语用who 宾语用whom, 不过现在 主格和宾格 没严格了)
* 主: 我认识那个男孩
* 从: 你喜欢的男孩
* 合: 我认识那个男孩 你喜欢的男孩
* I know the boy you like the boy. (you like the boy, boy不是主语,who/whom可以省略)
* I know the boy who/whom you like.
* I know the boy you like.
我认识那个喜欢你的男孩
* 主: 我认识那个男孩
* 从: 喜欢你的男孩
* 合: 我认识那个男孩 喜欢你的男孩
* I know the boy the boy like you. (the boy like you, boy不是主语,who/whom可以省略)
* I know the boy who like you.
## **which-物 :定语从句形成过程**
> which
我不喜欢没有图片的书
* 主: 我不喜欢书
* 从: 书没有图片
* 合: 我不喜欢书 书没有图片
* I don't like books books don't have pictures.
* I don't books which don't have pictures.
> in which = where
我特别讨厌我遇见他的那个城市 (in 是本来就有,所以才有 in which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为)
* 主: 我特别讨厌这个城市
* 从: 我遇见他的那个城市
* 合: 我特别讨厌这个城市 我遇见他的那个城市
* I really hate the city In the city I met him.
* I really hate the city in which (in which=where) I met him.
* I really hate the city where I met him.
> on which = where
我还记得你喜欢的那个城市
* 主: 我还记得那个城市
* 从: 你喜欢的那个城市
* 合: 我还记得那个城市 你喜欢的那个城市
* I still remember the city you like the city.
* I still remeber the city which you like.
我特别讨厌我遇见他的那张床 (on 是本来就有,所以才有 on which=where, where 是一个偷懒的行为)
* 主: 我特别讨厌这那张床
* 从: 我遇见他的那张床
* 合: 我特别讨厌那张床 我遇见他的那张床
* I really hate the bed On the bed I met him.
* I really hate the bed on which (on which=where) I met him.
* I really hate the bed where I met him.
> on which = when
我都忘记了你在那个日子来的 (on 是本来就有,所以才有 on which=when, when 是一个偷懒的行为)
* 主: 我都忘记了日子
* 从: 你在那个日子来的
* 合: 我都忘记了日子 你在那个日子来的
* I have forgeten the day you came on the day.
* I have forgeten the day on which (on which=when) you came.
* I have forgeted the day when you came.
> which
这是一本我正在找的书 (介词不提前,主要是 for和looking关系更紧密一点,are looking for 作为谓语)
* 主: 这是一本书
* 从: 我正在找的书
* 合: 这是一本书 我正在找的书
* This is the book I am looking for the book.
* This is the book which I am looking for.
> which's = whose, who's = whose
我有一条蓝色眼睛的小狗 (which's = whose, who's = whose)
* 主: 我有一条小狗
* 从: 小狗的颜色是蓝色的
* 合: 我有一条小狗 小狗的颜色是蓝色的
* I have a dog a dog`s eyes are blue.
* I hava a dog which's eyes are blue. (当然没有 which's 这种写法)
* I hava a dog whose eyes are blue.
> as 像
> for which = because of which = why
我不理解他离开我的原因 (for which = because of which = why)
* 主: 我不理解这个原因
* 从: 他离开我的原因
* 合: 我不理解这个原因 他离开我的原因
* I don't understand the reason he left me for/because of the reason.
* I don't understand the reason for which/because of which he left me.
* I don't understand the reason why he left me.
# 虚拟句
(虚-假的,拟-假设;不可能发生的事情 or 和假设相反的;用来加强语气,表达强烈的情绪)
* 主将从现:(本来应该都是will,但是为了让句子逻辑的先后关系更加通畅,所以 rains 现在时更符合!)
* if it rains tomorrow, I will pick you up.(不是虚拟,因为有可能成立!)
## -- 对现在的虚拟
* 本应该是现在 I am you, were比was显得更离谱,但是为了突显假设,用错误的方式来表达一种更强烈的语气-强化语气-夸张手法
* 如果我是你,我就弄死他!
* If I were you, I would kill him.
* 如果我是个女的,我就嫁给他。
* If I were a girl, I would marry him.(虚拟写错的话,就更好理解:我不是要去做手术,而是一种仰慕之情。)
* If I am a girl, I would marry him.(所以一切可能发生的事情,必然发生or已经发生)
## -- 对过去的虚拟
* 如果你昨天(就已经)告诉我,我昨天就(已经会)来了。
* If you told me yesterday, I would came.(看单词yesterday是个时间点)
* If you had told me yesterday, I would have come.(和中文逻辑一样,相对于今天而来,是一个时间段,从昨天到今天,已经假设完成的状态)
## -- 对将来的虚拟
* 如果明天地球炸了,我也要和你在一起。(be to do 将会怎么做)
* If the earth were to explode tomorrow, I would be with you.
## -- 杂交, 混和 mix up
* 如果你当时说爱我,那现在我就是你的人了。
* 前面对过去的虚拟,表示已经完成
* 后面是将来的虚拟
* If you had said it, I would be yours now.
## -- 简化语句 (倒装句--用于强调句子)
* If you had told me.
* 简化语句,把重要的内容提前
* Had you told me.
* If I were you
* Were I you.
## -- 心愿
* It is time that we made greater efforts at work.
* It is high time ---
* It is about time ---
## -- 建议
* I suggest that you go home now.(平等的建议, should 是一般都省略)
* I order that you should go home now.(命令是的建议, should 在语气上加强来语气)
## -- 天然虚拟
* If only 如果。。。就好了
* If only I were you.
* Would rather 宁愿
* I would rather I hadn`t made Alibaba.
* As if 貌似(看起来好像是,但其实不是的)
* He talks as if he knew everything.
* Lest 以免
* Take the umbrella, lest you would get wet.(记得拿伞,以免打湿;已经带伞了,还担心打湿吗?)
* But for 若非, 若不是
* But for you money, we would have lost.
* It is time that 是时候该干嘛了
* It is time that we went to bed. (是时候该去睡觉了,但是我没去)
* Wish 祝福(超越现实: 例如,祝你长命百岁)
* I wish I could fly.
* I wish someone had told me all this when I was 13.(真希望我在13岁就有人告诉我这一切)
---
名言名句
* Don`t lecture me!
* Don`t judge me!
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