diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 8b7075051f3f140a5a768933aafd8de05198da05..fb1d0b4c56da0ed5661f0136abac4a6b021cb946 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ group :storage do
   gem "google-cloud-storage", "~> 1.8", require: false
   gem "azure-storage", require: false
 
-  gem "mini_magick"
+  gem "image_processing", "~> 1.2"
 end
 
 group :ujs do
diff --git a/Gemfile.lock b/Gemfile.lock
index 23b668ac729b6d648d075b8473edab58dda0a47e..c44b772883bee426b2e4c5ab2cabf6950055c89b 100644
--- a/Gemfile.lock
+++ b/Gemfile.lock
@@ -229,10 +229,10 @@ GEM
     faye-websocket (0.10.7)
       eventmachine (>= 0.12.0)
       websocket-driver (>= 0.5.1)
-    ffi (1.9.18)
-    ffi (1.9.18-java)
-    ffi (1.9.18-x64-mingw32)
-    ffi (1.9.18-x86-mingw32)
+    ffi (1.9.23)
+    ffi (1.9.23-java)
+    ffi (1.9.23-x64-mingw32)
+    ffi (1.9.23-x86-mingw32)
     globalid (0.4.1)
       activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
     google-api-client (0.17.3)
@@ -265,6 +265,9 @@ GEM
     httpclient (2.8.3)
     i18n (1.0.0)
       concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
+    image_processing (1.2.0)
+      mini_magick (~> 4.0)
+      ruby-vips (>= 2.0.10, < 3)
     io-like (0.3.0)
     jdbc-mysql (5.1.44)
     jdbc-postgres (9.4.1206)
@@ -393,6 +396,8 @@ GEM
       ruby-progressbar (~> 1.7)
       unicode-display_width (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.1)
     ruby-progressbar (1.9.0)
+    ruby-vips (2.0.10)
+      ffi (~> 1.9)
     ruby_dep (1.5.0)
     rubyzip (1.2.1)
     rufus-scheduler (3.4.2)
@@ -515,11 +520,11 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   delayed_job_active_record
   google-cloud-storage (~> 1.8)
   hiredis
+  image_processing (~> 1.2)
   json (>= 2.0.0)
   kindlerb (~> 1.2.0)
   libxml-ruby
   listen (>= 3.0.5, < 3.2)
-  mini_magick
   minitest-bisect
   mocha
   mysql2 (>= 0.4.10)
diff --git a/activestorage/README.md b/activestorage/README.md
index 85ab70dac6ff58ca5a9f9d082f6aff3a63835371..242d5b82161ffa97505706ece3f85c652585cdda 100644
--- a/activestorage/README.md
+++ b/activestorage/README.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Active Storage makes it simple to upload and reference files in cloud services l
 
 Files can be uploaded from the server to the cloud or directly from the client to the cloud.
 
-Image files can furthermore be transformed using on-demand variants for quality, aspect ratio, size, or any other [MiniMagick](https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick) supported transformation.
+Image files can furthermore be transformed using on-demand variants for quality, aspect ratio, size, or any other [MiniMagick](https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick) or [Vips](http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/ruby-vips/Vips/Image) supported transformation.
 
 ## Compared to other storage solutions
 
diff --git a/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variant.rb b/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variant.rb
index d84208419c82df24e6a240f408b06545a3b3bd4e..1cae2078f0662180d33926745385077ad9ba8b35 100644
--- a/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variant.rb
+++ b/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variant.rb
@@ -6,8 +6,18 @@
 # These variants are used to create thumbnails, fixed-size avatars, or any other derivative image from the
 # original.
 #
-# Variants rely on {MiniMagick}[https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick] for the actual transformations
-# of the file, so you must add <tt>gem "mini_magick"</tt> to your Gemfile if you wish to use variants.
+# Variants rely on {ImageProcessing}[https://github.com/janko-m/image_processing] gem for the actual transformations
+# of the file, so you must add <tt>gem "image_processing"</tt> to your Gemfile if you wish to use variants. By
+# default, images will be processed with {ImageMagick}[http://imagemagick.org] using the
+# {MiniMagick}[https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick] gem, but you can also switch to the
+# {libvips}[http://jcupitt.github.io/libvips/] processor operated by the {ruby-vips}[https://github.com/jcupitt/ruby-vips]
+# gem).
+#
+#   Rails.application.config.active_storage.processor
+#   # => :mini_magick
+#
+#   Rails.application.config.active_storage.processor = :vips
+#   # => :vips
 #
 # Note that to create a variant it's necessary to download the entire blob file from the service and load it
 # into memory. The larger the image, the more memory is used. Because of this process, you also want to be
@@ -18,7 +28,7 @@
 # To refer to such a delayed on-demand variant, simply link to the variant through the resolved route provided
 # by Active Storage like so:
 #
-#   <%= image_tag Current.user.avatar.variant(resize: "100x100") %>
+#   <%= image_tag Current.user.avatar.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100]) %>
 #
 # This will create a URL for that specific blob with that specific variant, which the ActiveStorage::RepresentationsController
 # can then produce on-demand.
@@ -27,15 +37,22 @@
 # has already been processed and uploaded to the service, and, if so, just return that. Otherwise it will perform
 # the transformations, upload the variant to the service, and return itself again. Example:
 #
-#   avatar.variant(resize: "100x100").processed.service_url
+#   avatar.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100]).processed.service_url
 #
 # This will create and process a variant of the avatar blob that's constrained to a height and width of 100.
 # Then it'll upload said variant to the service according to a derivative key of the blob and the transformations.
 #
-# A list of all possible transformations is available at https://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php. You can
-# combine as many as you like freely:
+# Variant options are forwarded directly to the ImageProcessing gem. Visit the following links for a list of
+# available ImageProcessing commands and processor operations:
+#
+# * {ImageProcessing::MiniMagick}[https://github.com/janko-m/image_processing/blob/master/doc/minimagick.md#methods]
+# * {ImageMagick reference}[https://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php]
+# * {ImageProcessing::Vips}[https://github.com/janko-m/image_processing/blob/master/doc/vips.md#methods]
+# * {ruby-vips reference}[http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/ruby-vips/Vips/Image]
+#
+# You can combine as many of these options as you like freely:
 #
-#   avatar.variant(resize: "100x100", monochrome: true, flip: "-90")
+#   avatar.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100], monochrome: true, flip: "-90")
 class ActiveStorage::Variant
   include ActiveStorage::Downloading
 
@@ -82,10 +99,10 @@ def processed?
     end
 
     def process
-      open_image do |image|
-        transform image
-        format image
-        upload image
+      download_blob_to_tempfile do |image|
+        variant = transform image
+        upload variant
+        variant.close!
       end
     end
 
@@ -102,31 +119,12 @@ def content_type
       blob.content_type.presence_in(WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES) || "image/png"
     end
 
-
-    def open_image(&block)
-      image = download_image
-
-      begin
-        yield image
-      ensure
-        image.destroy!
-      end
-    end
-
-    def download_image
-      require "mini_magick"
-      MiniMagick::Image.create(blob.filename.extension_with_delimiter) { |file| download_blob_to(file) }
-    end
-
     def transform(image)
-      variation.transform(image)
-    end
-
-    def format(image)
-      image.format("PNG") unless WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES.include?(blob.content_type)
+      format = "png" unless WEB_IMAGE_CONTENT_TYPES.include?(blob.content_type)
+      variation.transform(image, format: format)
     end
 
-    def upload(image)
-      File.open(image.path, "r") { |file| service.upload(key, file) }
+    def upload(file)
+      service.upload(key, file)
     end
 end
diff --git a/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variation.rb b/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variation.rb
index 12e7f9f0b53c891e10110c110156086e35ef8866..3bdbc5bacb9a7b79532d472d5ea2aa4794f2daba 100644
--- a/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variation.rb
+++ b/activestorage/app/models/active_storage/variation.rb
@@ -8,15 +8,7 @@
 #
 #   ActiveStorage::Variation.new(resize: "100x100", monochrome: true, trim: true, rotate: "-90")
 #
-# You can also combine multiple transformations in one step, e.g. for center-weighted cropping:
-#
-#   ActiveStorage::Variation.new(combine_options: {
-#     resize: "100x100^",
-#     gravity: "center",
-#     crop: "100x100+0+0",
-#   })
-#
-# A list of all possible transformations is available at https://www.imagemagick.org/script/mogrify.php.
+# The options map directly to {ImageProcessing}[https://github.com/janko-m/image_processing] commands.
 class ActiveStorage::Variation
   attr_reader :transformations
 
@@ -51,10 +43,49 @@ def initialize(transformations)
     @transformations = transformations
   end
 
-  # Accepts an open MiniMagick image instance, like what's returned by <tt>MiniMagick::Image.read(io)</tt>,
-  # and performs the +transformations+ against it. The transformed image instance is then returned.
-  def transform(image)
+  # Accepts a File object, performs the +transformations+ against it, and
+  # saves the transformed image into a temporary file. If +format+ is specified
+  # it will be the format of the result image, otherwise the result image
+  # retains the source format.
+  def transform(file, format: nil)
     ActiveSupport::Notifications.instrument("transform.active_storage") do
+      if processor
+        image_processing_transform(file, format)
+      else
+        mini_magick_transform(file, format)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Returns a signed key for all the +transformations+ that this variation was instantiated with.
+  def key
+    self.class.encode(transformations)
+  end
+
+  private
+    # Applies image transformations using the ImageProcessing gem.
+    def image_processing_transform(file, format)
+      operations = transformations.inject([]) do |list, (name, argument)|
+        if name.to_s == "combine_options"
+          ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("The ImageProcessing ActiveStorage variant backend doesn't need :combine_options, as it already generates a single MiniMagick command. In Rails 6.1 :combine_options will not be supported anymore.")
+          list.concat argument.to_a
+        else
+          list << [name, argument]
+        end
+      end
+
+      processor
+        .source(file)
+        .loader(page: 0)
+        .convert(format)
+        .apply(operations)
+        .call
+    end
+
+    # Applies image transformations using the MiniMagick gem.
+    def mini_magick_transform(file, format)
+      image = MiniMagick::Image.new(file.path, file)
+
       transformations.each do |name, argument_or_subtransformations|
         image.mogrify do |command|
           if name.to_s == "combine_options"
@@ -66,15 +97,20 @@ def transform(image)
           end
         end
       end
+
+      image.format(format) if format
+
+      image.tempfile.tap(&:open)
     end
-  end
 
-  # Returns a signed key for all the +transformations+ that this variation was instantiated with.
-  def key
-    self.class.encode(transformations)
-  end
+    # Returns the ImageProcessing processor class specified by `ActiveStorage.processor`.
+    def processor
+      require "image_processing"
+      ImageProcessing.const_get(ActiveStorage.processor.to_s.camelize) if ActiveStorage.processor
+    rescue LoadError
+      ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("Using mini_magick gem directly is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.1. Please add `gem 'image_processing', '~> 1.2'` to your Gemfile.")
+    end
 
-  private
     def pass_transform_argument(command, method, argument)
       if eligible_argument?(argument)
         command.public_send(method, argument)
diff --git a/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb b/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
index e1bd9748537fc7e05a97da33bffda8d1d2eae492..817948e6755843055ee88bf5dcade909a5c1a908 100644
--- a/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
+++ b/activestorage/lib/active_storage.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ module ActiveStorage
   mattr_accessor :queue
   mattr_accessor :previewers, default: []
   mattr_accessor :analyzers, default: []
+  mattr_accessor :processor, default: :mini_magick
   mattr_accessor :paths, default: {}
   mattr_accessor :variable_content_types, default: []
   mattr_accessor :content_types_to_serve_as_binary, default: []
diff --git a/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb b/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
index 1385e2aa84164e4dd2432b652c55bc30280599c1..02719e417365b66e9e18f27da00973323230eba3 100644
--- a/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
+++ b/activestorage/lib/active_storage/engine.rb
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ class Engine < Rails::Engine # :nodoc:
       config.after_initialize do |app|
         ActiveStorage.logger     = app.config.active_storage.logger || Rails.logger
         ActiveStorage.queue      = app.config.active_storage.queue
+        ActiveStorage.processor  = app.config.active_storage.processor || :mini_magick
         ActiveStorage.previewers = app.config.active_storage.previewers || []
         ActiveStorage.analyzers  = app.config.active_storage.analyzers || []
         ActiveStorage.paths      = app.config.active_storage.paths || {}
diff --git a/activestorage/test/models/variant_test.rb b/activestorage/test/models/variant_test.rb
index 0f3ada25c023b72ba6e8c5391acb0b6d43c71239..1af315b664125d65d6bb44418787c20b65c6c2b4 100644
--- a/activestorage/test/models/variant_test.rb
+++ b/activestorage/test/models/variant_test.rb
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 class ActiveStorage::VariantTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   test "resized variation of JPEG blob" do
     blob = create_file_blob(filename: "racecar.jpg")
-    variant = blob.variant(resize: "100x100").processed
+    variant = blob.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100]).processed
     assert_match(/racecar\.jpg/, variant.service_url)
 
     image = read_image(variant)
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ class ActiveStorage::VariantTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
 
   test "resized and monochrome variation of JPEG blob" do
     blob = create_file_blob(filename: "racecar.jpg")
-    variant = blob.variant(resize: "100x100", monochrome: true).processed
+    variant = blob.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100], monochrome: true).processed
     assert_match(/racecar\.jpg/, variant.service_url)
 
     image = read_image(variant)
@@ -26,17 +26,24 @@ class ActiveStorage::VariantTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
   end
 
   test "center-weighted crop of JPEG blob" do
-    blob = create_file_blob(filename: "racecar.jpg")
-    variant = blob.variant(combine_options: {
-      gravity: "center",
-      resize: "100x100^",
-      crop: "100x100+0+0",
-    }).processed
-    assert_match(/racecar\.jpg/, variant.service_url)
+    begin
+      ActiveStorage.processor = nil
+      blob = create_file_blob(filename: "racecar.jpg")
+      variant = ActiveSupport::Deprecation.silence do
+        blob.variant(combine_options: {
+          gravity: "center",
+          resize: "100x100^",
+          crop: "100x100+0+0",
+        }).processed
+      end
+      assert_match(/racecar\.jpg/, variant.service_url)
 
-    image = read_image(variant)
-    assert_equal 100, image.width
-    assert_equal 100, image.height
+      image = read_image(variant)
+      assert_equal 100, image.width
+      assert_equal 100, image.height
+    ensure
+      ActiveStorage.processor = :mini_magick
+    end
   end
 
   test "resized variation of PSD blob" do
@@ -80,4 +87,20 @@ class ActiveStorage::VariantTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
     variant = blob.variant(font: "a" * 10_000).processed
     assert_operator variant.service_url.length, :<, 525
   end
+
+  test "works for vips processor" do
+    begin
+      ActiveStorage.processor = :vips
+      blob = create_file_blob(filename: "racecar.jpg")
+      variant = blob.variant(thumbnail_image: 100).processed
+
+      image = read_image(variant)
+      assert_equal 100, image.width
+      assert_equal 67, image.height
+    rescue LoadError
+      # libvips not installed
+    ensure
+      ActiveStorage.processor = :mini_magick
+    end
+  end
 end
diff --git a/activestorage/test/test_helper.rb b/activestorage/test/test_helper.rb
index 028874f3742ebfc823ab039172aab632c43d9f21..4787eccd090d97cf9e01d973ac37f2d06dbf2ce4 100644
--- a/activestorage/test/test_helper.rb
+++ b/activestorage/test/test_helper.rb
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 require "active_support"
 require "active_support/test_case"
 require "active_support/testing/autorun"
-require "mini_magick"
+require "image_processing/mini_magick"
 
 begin
   require "byebug"
diff --git a/guides/source/active_storage_overview.md b/guides/source/active_storage_overview.md
index d67f65e88a037ac6e5ad97e11ccd8f60ec45cb44..f56db61538c90fb8ce583f5b8157ea7854e80515 100644
--- a/guides/source/active_storage_overview.md
+++ b/guides/source/active_storage_overview.md
@@ -337,14 +337,15 @@ rails_blob_path(user.avatar, disposition: "attachment")
 Transforming Images
 -------------------
 
-To create variation of the image, call `variant` on the Blob.
-You can pass any [MiniMagick](https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick)
-supported transformation to the method.
+To create variation of the image, call `variant` on the Blob. You can pass
+any transformation to the method supported by the procecssor. The default
+processor is [MiniMagick](https://github.com/minimagick/minimagick), but you
+can also use [Vips](http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/ruby-vips/Vips/Image).
 
-To enable variants, add `mini_magick` to your `Gemfile`:
+To enable variants, add `image_processing` gem to your `Gemfile`:
 
 ```ruby
-gem 'mini_magick'
+gem 'image_processing', '~> 1.2'
 ```
 
 When the browser hits the variant URL, Active Storage will lazy transform the
@@ -352,7 +353,15 @@ original blob into the format you specified and redirect to its new service
 location.
 
 ```erb
-<%= image_tag user.avatar.variant(resize: "100x100") %>
+<%= image_tag user.avatar.variant(resize_to_fit: [100, 100]) %>
+```
+
+To switch to the Vips processor, you would add the following to
+`config/application.rb`:
+
+```ruby
+# Use Vips for processing variants.
+config.active_storage.processor = :vips
 ```
 
 Previewing Files
diff --git a/guides/source/configuring.md b/guides/source/configuring.md
index 7d5ca4b8a7c26fb794fa7746292821409182e735..ec950b89cdd6553cdecb2f4cf111d399bd24098b 100644
--- a/guides/source/configuring.md
+++ b/guides/source/configuring.md
@@ -778,6 +778,8 @@ normal Rails server.
 
 `config.active_storage` provides the following configuration options:
 
+* `config.active_storage.processor` accepts a symbol `:mini_magick` or `:vips`, specifying whether variant transformations will be performed with MiniMagick or ruby-vips. The default is `:mini_magick`.
+
 * `config.active_storage.analyzers` accepts an array of classes indicating the analyzers available for Active Storage blobs. The default is `[ActiveStorage::Analyzer::ImageAnalyzer, ActiveStorage::Analyzer::VideoAnalyzer]`. The former can extract width and height of an image blob; the latter can extract width, height, duration, angle, and aspect ratio of a video blob.
 
 * `config.active_storage.previewers` accepts an array of classes indicating the image previewers available in Active Storage blobs. The default is `[ActiveStorage::Previewer::PDFPreviewer, ActiveStorage::Previewer::VideoPreviewer]`. The former can generate a thumbnail from the first page of a PDF blob; the latter from the relevant frame of a video blob.
diff --git a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt
index 5e7455cdc7a1f8d1407174d75d0ca2f34a28b93d..1567333023327e40172a00b7966924000a1edce7 100644
--- a/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt
+++ b/railties/lib/rails/generators/rails/app/templates/Gemfile.tt
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ ruby <%= "'#{RUBY_VERSION}'" -%>
 <% unless skip_active_storage? -%>
 
 # Use ActiveStorage variant
-# gem 'mini_magick', '~> 4.8'
+# gem 'image_processing', '~> 1.2'
 <% end -%>
 
 # Use Capistrano for deployment
diff --git a/railties/test/generators/app_generator_test.rb b/railties/test/generators/app_generator_test.rb
index 294fdcd6a1c2cc54050a5bf5efc82a6a3b25f4d9..4fcd4b9ba767fee70f7bbd5ec46f7af6d790cf30 100644
--- a/railties/test/generators/app_generator_test.rb
+++ b/railties/test/generators/app_generator_test.rb
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ def test_app_update_does_not_generate_action_cable_contents_when_skip_action_cab
 
   def test_active_storage_mini_magick_gem
     run_generator
-    assert_file "Gemfile", /^# gem 'mini_magick'/
+    assert_file "Gemfile", /^# gem 'image_processing'/
   end
 
   def test_mini_magick_gem_when_skip_active_storage_is_given
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ def test_mini_magick_gem_when_skip_active_storage_is_given
     run_generator [app_root, "--skip-active-storage"]
 
     assert_file "#{app_root}/Gemfile" do |content|
-      assert_no_match(/gem 'mini_magick'/, content)
+      assert_no_match(/gem 'image_processing'/, content)
     end
   end