base

base/alice.py

+filename = 'alice.txt'
+
+try:
+	with open(filename) as f_obj:
+		contents = f_obj.read()
+except FileNotFoundError:
+	msg = 'Sorry, the file ' + filename + ' does not exist.'
+	print(msg)

base/apostrophe.py

+message = "Python's"
+print(message)
+message = 'Python's'
\ No newline at end of file

base/bicycles.py

+bicycles = ['tom', 'jerry', 'jerry5', 'xiaohong', 'jerry5', 'xiaoming']
+print(bicycles)
+# 可以直接使用, 下表从0开始
+print(bicycles[0])
+print(bicycles[0].title())
+# -1, -2,等等在bicycles[-1] 中的用法: bicycles[-1] 表示返回最后一个元素, 当然-2 就是返回倒数第二个元素
+print(bicycles[-1])
+
+# 修改列表中的元素
+bicycles[1] = 'jerry2'
+print(bicycles)
+
+# 添加元素
+# 末尾添加
+bicycles.append('xiaoqiang')
+print(bicycles)
+# 插入元素
+bicycles.insert(0, 'tiger')
+print(bicycles)
+
+# 删除元素
+# del 语句
+del bicycles[0]
+print(bicycles)
+# pop() 弹出列表最后的元素
+pop_val = bicycles.pop()
+print(bicycles)
+print(pop_val)
+# pop(0) 弹出指导位置元素
+pop_val2 = bicycles.pop(0)
+print(bicycles)
+print(pop_val2)
+# remove() 根据元素的值删除元素, 只会删除列表中的第一个
+bicycles.remove('jerry5')
+print(bicycles)
+
+# 组织列表
+# 按照字典顺序
+# sort() 永久排序, 默认正序
+cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
+print(cars)
+cars.sort()
+print(cars)
+# 逆序
+cars.sort(reverse=True)
+print(cars)
+# sorted() 临时排序, 也可以使用reverse=True
+print('临时排序后列表: ')
+print(sorted(cars))
+print("再次查看列表: ")
+print(cars)
+# 倒着打印
+cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
+cars.reverse()
+print(cars)
+
+# len() 长度
+print(len(cars))
+
+

base/birthday.py

+age = 25
+print(age)
+# message = "Happy" + age + "rd Birthday!" # 类型错误, python 不能直接拼接类型不同的变量, 这和java不同
+message = "Happy " + str(age) + "rd Birthday!"
+print(message)
\ No newline at end of file

base/car.py

+class Car():
+	"""一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
+	def __init__(self, make, model, year):
+		self.make = make
+		self.model = model
+		self.year = year
+		# 给属性指定默认值
+		self.odometer_reading = 0
+
+	def get_descriptive_name(self):
+		"""返回整洁的描述性信息"""
+		long_name = str(self.year) + ' ' + self.make + ' ' + self.model
+		return long_name.title()
+
+	def read_odometer(self):
+		"""打印一条指出汽车里程的消息"""
+		print('The Car has ' + str(self.odometer_reading) + ' miles on it.')
+
+	def update_odometer(self, mileage):
+		"""将里程表读数设置为指定的值"""
+		self.odometer_reading = mileage
+
+	def increment_odometer(self, miles):
+		self.odometer_reading += miles
+
+my_new_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2016)
+print(my_new_car)
+print(my_new_car.get_descriptive_name())
+my_new_car.read_odometer()
+# 修改属性的值
+my_new_car.odometer_reading = 23
+my_new_car.read_odometer()
+
+# 通过方法修改属性的值
+my_new_car.update_odometer(30)
+my_new_car.read_odometer()
+# 通过方法对属性的值进行递增
+my_new_car.increment_odometer(10)
+my_new_car.read_odometer()
+		
\ No newline at end of file

base/china.txt

+我爱你中国
+ 我和我的祖国
+ 台湾是祖国不可分割的一部分
+ 
\ No newline at end of file

base/confirmed_users.py

+# 在列表之间移动元素
+unconfirmed_users = ['alice', 'brian', 'candace']
+confirmed_users = []
+
+while unconfirmed_users:
+	current_user = unconfirmed_users.pop()
+	print('验证用户: ' + current_user.title())
+	confirmed_users.append(current_user)
+
+# 显示所有已验证的用户
+print('\n所有已验证的用户:')
+for confirmed_user in confirmed_users:
+	print(confirmed_user.title())
+
+# 删除包含特定值的所有列表元素
+pets = ['dog', 'cat', 'dog', 'goldfish', 'cat', 'rabbit', 'cat']
+print(pets)
+
+while 'cat' in pets:
+	pets.remove('cat')
+
+print(pets)
\ No newline at end of file

base/continue.py

+# continue
+current_number = 0
+while current_number < 10:
+	current_number += 1
+	if current_number % 2 == 0:
+		continue
+
+	print(current_number)
+	
\ No newline at end of file

base/datatime.py

+from datetime import datetime
+
+first_date = datetime.strptime('2020-10-22 18:32:30', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
+print(first_date)

base/division.py

+print('得到两个数来进行除法运算')
+print("输入 'q' 退出")
+
+while True:
+	first_number = input('\n第一个数: ')
+	if first_number == 'q':
+		break
+	second_number = input('第二个数: ')
+	if second_number == 'q':
+		break
+	try:
+		answer = int(first_number) / int(second_number)
+	except ZeroDivisionError:
+		print("You can't divide by zero!")
+	else:
+		print(answer)
+	
\ No newline at end of file

base/dog.py

+class Dog():
+	"""一次模拟小狗的简单尝试"""
+
+	def __init__(self, name, age):
+		"""初始化属性name和age"""
+		self.name = name
+		self.age = age
+
+	def sit(self):
+		"""模拟小狗被命令蹲下"""
+		print(self.name.title() + ' 现在蹲下!')
+
+	def roll_over(self):
+		"""模拟小狗被命令时打滚"""
+		print(self.name.title() + ' 打滚!')
+
+# 根据类创建实例
+my_dog = Dog('哈士奇', 6)
+# 访问属性 my_dog.name
+print('我的狗名字是 ' + my_dog.name.title() + '.')
+print('我的狗 ' + str(my_dog.age) + ' 岁了.')
+# 调用方法
+my_dog.sit()
+my_dog.roll_over()
+
+# 创建多个实例
+your_dog = Dog('泰迪', 2)
+# 访问属性 your_dog.name
+print('我的狗名字是 ' + your_dog.name.title() + '.')
+print('我的狗 ' + str(your_dog.age) + ' 岁了.')
+# 调用方法
+your_dog.sit()
+your_dog.roll_over()
\ No newline at end of file

base/electric_car.py

+class Car():
+	"""一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
+	def __init__(self, make, model, year):
+		self.make = make
+		self.model = model
+		self.year = year
+		# 给属性指定默认值
+		self.odometer_reading = 0
+
+	def get_descriptive_name(self):
+		"""返回整洁的描述性信息"""
+		long_name = str(self.year) + ' ' + self.make + ' ' + self.model
+		return long_name.title()
+
+	def read_odometer(self):
+		"""打印一条指出汽车里程的消息"""
+		print('The Car has ' + str(self.odometer_reading) + ' miles on it.')
+
+	def update_odometer(self, mileage):
+		"""将里程表读数设置为指定的值"""
+		self.odometer_reading = mileage
+
+	def increment_odometer(self, miles):
+		self.odometer_reading += miles
+
+	def fill_gas_tank(self):
+		"""普通汽车有油箱"""
+		print('This Car need a gas tank!')
+
+class Battery():
+	"""一次模拟电动汽车电瓶的简单尝试"""
+	def __init__(self, battery_size=70):
+		"""初始化电瓶属性"""
+		self.battery_size = battery_size
+
+	def describe_battery(self):
+		"""打印一条描述电瓶容量的消息"""
+		print('This Car has a ' + str(self.battery_size) + '-kwh battery.')
+
+	def get_range(self):
+		"""打印一条消息, 指出电瓶的续航里程"""
+		if self.battery_size == 70:
+			range = 240
+		elif self.battery_size == 85:
+			range= 270
+
+		message = 'This car can go approximately ' + str(range) + ' miles on a full charge.'
+		print(message)
+		
+
+class ElectricCar(Car):
+	"""
+	电动汽车的独特之处
+	"""
+	def __init__(self, make, model, year):
+		"""
+		初始化父类的属性
+		再初始化电动汽车特有的属性
+		"""
+		super().__init__(make, model, year)
+		# 将实例用作属性
+		self.battery = Battery()
+
+	def fill_gas_tank(self):
+		"""电动汽车没有油箱"""
+		print('This Car doesn‘s need a gas tank!')
+
+my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'model s', 2016)
+print(my_tesla.get_descriptive_name())
+# 测试 给子类定义属性和方法
+# my_tesla.describe_battery()
+# 测试 重写父类的方法
+my_tesla.fill_gas_tank()
+# 测试 将实例用作属性
+my_tesla.battery.describe_battery()
+my_tesla.battery.get_range()
\ No newline at end of file

base/error.py

+try:
+	print(5/0)
+except ZeroDivisionError:
+	print("You can't divide by zero!")
\ No newline at end of file

base/even_or_odd.py

+number = input('输入一个数, 我会告诉你是偶数还是奇数: ')
+number = int(number)
+
+if number % 2 == 0:
+	print('\nnumber ' + str(number) + ' 是偶数')
+else:
+	print('\nnumber ' + str(number) + ' 是奇数')

base/favorite_languages.py

+from collections import OrderedDict
+
+favorite_languages = OrderedDict()
+
+favorite_languages['jen'] = 'python'
+favorite_languages['sarah'] = 'c'
+favorite_languages['edward'] = 'ruby'
+favorite_languages['phil'] = 'python'
+
+for name, languages in favorite_languages.items():
+	print(name.title() + "'s favorite languages is " + languages.title() + '.')
\ No newline at end of file

base/file_reader.py

+"""
+1、打开文件: open() ,参数是文件的名称
+"""
+# 读取整个文件
+with open('china.txt') as file_object:
+	contents = file_object.read()
+	print(contents)
+	# rstrip() 去除文本末尾空行
+	print(contents.rstrip())
+
+print('==================')
+# 逐行读取
+filename = 'china.txt'
+
+with open(filename) as file_object:
+	print(file_object)
+	for line in file_object:
+		# 文件中的换行符也会读取出来
+		print(line)
+
+print('==================')
+
+# 创建一个包含文件各行内容的列表
+# readlines() 表示读取文件中的每一行并将其储存在列表中
+with open(filename) as file_object:
+	lines = file_object.readlines()
+
+for line in lines:
+	print(line.rstrip())
+print('==================')
+# 简单实用文件的内容
+with open(filename) as file_object:
+	lines = file_object.readlines()
+
+c_str = ''
+for line in lines:
+	c_str += line.rstrip()
+
+print(c_str)
+print(len(c_str))
+

base/for.py

+# 遍历 for
+names = ['name1', 'name3', 'name2']
+for name in names:
+	print(name)
+
+
+# 数值列表
+# 函数 range() 范围左闭右开
+for value in range(1,10):
+	print(value)
+
+
+# 使用range() 创建数字列表
+numbers = list(range(1,6))
+print(numbers)
+
+# 创建一个数值列表, 包含1-10 的平方
+squares = []
+for value in range(1,11):
+	square = value**2
+	squares.append(square)
+
+print(squares)
+
+# 统计计算
+digits = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
+print(min(digits))
+print(max(digits))
+print(sum(digits))
+
+# 列表解析
+# 前面 生成列表squares需要好几行代码, 这里用下列表解析
+squares = [value**2 for value in range(1,11)]
+print(squares)
+
+# 使用列表的一部分- 切片
+players = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g']
+print(players[0:3])
+print(players[1:4])
+print(players[:4]) # 不指定, 从列头开始
+print(players[2:]) # 不指定, 到列尾
+print(players[-3:]) # 返回最后3个
+
+# 遍历切片
+for player in players[:3]:
+	print(player)
+
+# 复制列表
+my_foofs = ['pizza', 'falafel', 'carrot cake']
+friend_foods = my_foofs[:]
+my_foofs.append('cannoli')
+friend_foods.append('ice cream')
+print("我喜欢的食物是: ")
+print(my_foofs)
+print('\n我朋友喜欢的食物是: ')
+print(friend_foods)
+# 上面是使用切片来复制的列表, 如果不使用切片呢? 直接friend_foods = my_foofs 这样是不行的, 这种做法是将my_foofs 赋值给了friend_foods, 这两个指向的是同一个列表
+
+# 元祖 不可变
+dimensions = (200, 500)
+print(dimensions)
+print(dimensions[0])
+print(dimensions[1])
+# dimensions[0] = 300 不能修改, 会报错
+# 遍历元祖
+for dimension in dimensions:
+	print(dimension)
+
+# 虽然元祖不能修改, 但是可以给存储元祖的变量赋值一个新的元祖
+print('original: ')
+for dimension in dimensions:
+	print(dimension)
+
+print('modified: ')
+dimensions = (100, 200)
+for dimension in dimensions:
+	print(dimension)
\ No newline at end of file

base/hello_world.py

+message = "hello python world!"
+print(message)
+
+message = "python 改变世界"
+print(message)
\ No newline at end of file

base/if.py

+cars = ['bmw', 'audi', 'toyota', 'subaru']
+for car in cars:
+	if car == 'bmw':
+		print(car.upper())
+	else:
+		print(car.title())
+
+print('--------------')
+# 检查是否相等 (区分大小写)
+car = 'Audi'
+print(car == 'audi')
+# 不相等
+print(car != 'audi')
+
+print('--------------')
+
+# 比较数字
+age = 19
+print(age == 19)
+print(age != 19)
+print(age < 21)
+print(age <= 21)
+print(age > 21)
+print(age >= 21)
+print('--------------')
+# 检查多个条件
+# and 同时成立; or 至少一个满足 
+print(age > 10 and age < 19)
+print(age > 10 or age < 19)
+print('--------------')
+
+# 是否包含
+# in 包含; not in 不包含
+users = ['a001', 'a002', 'a003']
+print('a003' in users)
+print('a004' not in users)
+
+# 布尔表达式
+status1 = True
+status2 = False
+
+# 确定列表不是空的
+cars = []
+if cars:
+	print("cars is not null")
+else:
+	print("cars is null")
+

base/language_survey.py

+from survey import AnonymousSurvey
+
+# 定义一个问题, 并创建一个表示调查的AnonymousSurvey 对象
+question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
+my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
+
+# 显示问题并存储答案
+my_survey.show_question()
+print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.\n")
+while True:
+	response = input("language: ")
+	if response == 'q':
+		break
+	my_survey.store_response(response)
+
+# 显示调查结果
+print("\nThank you to everyone who participated in the survey!")
+my_survey.show_results()
\ No newline at end of file

base/making_pizzas.py

+# 导入整个模块
+import pizza
+# 导入特定函数
+from pizza import make_pizza
+# 使用as给函数指定别名
+from pizza import make_pizza as mp
+# 使用as给模块指定别名
+import pizza as p
+# 导入模块中所有函数
+from pizza import *
+
+pizza.make_pizza(16, 'green peppers', 'mushrooms')
+make_pizza(16, 'green peppers', 'mushrooms')
+mp(16, 'green peppers', 'mushrooms')
+p.make_pizza(16, 'green peppers', 'mushrooms')
\ No newline at end of file

base/mountain_poll.py

+# 使用用户输入来填充字典
+responses = {}
+
+polling_active = True
+
+while polling_active:
+	name = input('\n你名字是什么? ')
+	response = input('你想爬哪一座山? ')
+	responses[name] = response
+
+	repeat = input('是否还有其他人需要参与调查? (yes/no)')
+	if repeat == 'no':
+		polling_active = False
+
+# 打印结果
+for name, response in responses.items():
+	print(name + '喜欢爬 ' + response + '.')
\ No newline at end of file

base/my_car.py

+# 导入单个类
+from car import Car
+
+my_new_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2016)
+print(my_new_car)
+print(my_new_car.get_descriptive_name())
+my_new_car.read_odometer()
+# 修改属性的值
+my_new_car.odometer_reading = 23
+my_new_car.read_odometer()

base/my_electric_car.py

+# 从一个模块中导入多个类
+from electric_car import ElectricCar, Car
+# 导入整个模块 需要使用 模块名.
+# import electric_car
+# 导入模块中所有的类
+# from electric_car import *
+my_new_car = Car('audi', 'a4', 2016)
+print(my_new_car.get_descriptive_name())
+
+my_tesla = ElectricCar('tesla', 'model s', 2016)
+print(my_tesla.get_descriptive_name())
+# 测试 给子类定义属性和方法
+# my_tesla.describe_battery()
+# 测试 重写父类的方法
+my_tesla.fill_gas_tank()
+# 测试 将实例用作属性
+my_tesla.battery.describe_battery()
+my_tesla.battery.get_range()
\ No newline at end of file

base/name_function.py

+def get_formatted_name(first, last, middle=''):
+	"""生成整洁的姓名"""
+	if middle:
+		full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' + last
+	else:
+		full_name = first + ' ' + last
+	return full_name.title()
\ No newline at end of file

base/names.py

+from name_function import get_formatted_name

base/pizza.py

+def make_pizza(size, *toppings):
+	print(size)
+	print(toppings)
\ No newline at end of file

base/programming.txt

+我喜欢编程.
+我喜欢创建一个新的游戏.
+我喜欢python.
+我喜欢java.
\ No newline at end of file

base/remember_me.py

+import json
+
+# filename = 'username.json'
+# try:
+# 	with open(filename) as f_obj:
+# 		username = json.load(f_obj)
+# except FileNotFoundError:
+# 	username = input('What is your name? ')
+# 	with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
+# 		json.dump(username, f_obj)
+# 		print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + username + "!")
+# else:
+# 	print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")
+
+# 重构上面注释掉的代码
+# def greet_user():
+# 	"""问候用户, 并指出其名字"""
+# 	filename = 'username.json'
+# 	try:
+# 		with open(filename) as f_obj:
+# 			username = json.load(f_obj)
+# 	except FileNotFoundError:
+# 		username = input('What is your name? ')
+# 		with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
+# 			json.dump(username, f_obj)
+# 			print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + username + "!")
+# 	else:
+# 		print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")
+
+# greet_user()
+
+# 继续重构
+def get_stored_username():
+	"""如果存了用户, 就获取它"""
+	filename = 'username.json'
+	try:
+		with open(filename) as f_obj:
+			username = json.load(f_obj)
+	except FileNotFoundError:
+		return None
+	else:
+		return username
+
+def get_new_username():
+	"""提示用户输入用户名"""
+	username = input('What is your name? ')
+	filename = 'username.json'
+	with open(filename, 'w') as f_obj:
+		json.dump(username, f_obj)
+	return username
+
+def greet_user():
+	"""问候用户, 并指出其名字"""
+	username = get_stored_username()
+	if username:
+		print("Welcome back, " + username + "!")
+	else:
+		username = get_new_username()
+		print("We'll remember you when you come back, " + username + "!")
+
+greet_user()
\ No newline at end of file

base/simple_message.py

+name = "ada lovelace"
+print(name.title()) # Ada Lovelace 首字母大写
+
+name2 = "Ada lovelace"
+print(name2.upper())
+print(name2.lower())
+
+first_name = "liu"
+last_name = "dehua"
+full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
+print(full_name)
+
+print("\t制表符")
+print("换行\n换行")
+
+favorite_language = ' python '
+print(favorite_language)
+print(favorite_language.rstrip()) # 去掉后面空格
+print(favorite_language.lstrip()) # 去掉前面空格
+print(favorite_language.strip()) # 去掉前后面空格
\ No newline at end of file

base/survey.py

+class AnonymousSurvey():
+	"""收集匿名调查问卷的答案"""
+	def __init__(self, question):
+		"""存储一个问题, 并为存储答案做准备"""
+		self.question = question
+		self.responses = []
+
+	def show_question(self):
+		"""显示调查问卷"""
+		print(self.question)
+
+	def store_response(self, new_response):
+		"""存储单份调查答卷"""
+		self.responses.append(new_response)
+		
+	def show_results(self):
+		"""显示收集到的所有答卷"""
+		print('Survey results: ')
+		for response in self.responses:
+			print('- ' + response)
\ No newline at end of file

base/test_name_function.py

+import unittest
+from name_function import get_formatted_name
+
+class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+	"""测试name_function.py"""
+
+	def test_first_last_name(self):
+		"""能够正确地处理像Janis Joplin这样的姓名吗?"""
+		formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')
+		self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')
+
+	def test_first_middle_last_name(self):
+		"""能够正确地处理像Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart这样的姓名吗?"""
+		formatted_name = get_formatted_name('wolfgang', 'mozart', 'amadeus')
+		self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart')
+		
+unittest.main()
\ No newline at end of file

base/test_survey.py

+import unittest
+from survey import AnonymousSurvey
+
+class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase):
+	"""针对AnonymousSurvey的测试"""
+	
+	# def test_store_single_response(self):
+	# 	"""测试单个答案会被妥善的存储"""	
+	# 	question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
+	# 	my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
+	# 	my_survey.store_response('English')
+
+	# 	self.assertIn("English", my_survey.responses)		
+
+	# def test_store_three_responses(self):
+	# 	"""测试三个答案会被妥善地存储"""
+	# 	question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
+	# 	my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
+	# 	responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Mandarin']
+	# 	for response in responses:
+	# 		my_survey.store_response(response)
+
+	# 	for response in responses:
+	# 		self.assertIn(response, my_survey.responses)
+
+	def setUp(self):
+		"""创建一个调查对象和一组答案, 供使用的测试方法使用"""
+		question = "What language did you first learn to speak?"
+		self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question)
+		self.responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Mandarin']
+		
+	def test_store_single_response(self):
+		"""测试单个答案会被妥善的存储"""	
+		self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0])
+		self.assertIn(self.responses[0], self.my_survey.responses)		
+
+	def test_store_three_responses(self):
+		"""测试三个答案会被妥善地存储"""
+		for response in self.responses:
+			self.my_survey.store_response(response)
+
+		for response in self.responses:
+			self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses)
+
+unittest.main()
\ No newline at end of file

base/tree.py

+from turtle import *
+
+# 设置色彩模式是RGB:
+colormode(255)
+
+lt(90)
+
+lv = 14
+l = 120
+s = 45
+
+width(lv)
+
+# 初始化RGB颜色:
+r = 0
+g = 0
+b = 0
+pencolor(r, g, b)
+
+penup()
+bk(l)
+pendown()
+fd(l)
+
+def draw_tree(l, level):
+    global r, g, b
+    # save the current pen width
+    w = width()
+
+    # narrow the pen width
+    width(w * 3.0 / 4.0)
+    # set color:
+    r = r + 1
+    g = g + 2
+    b = b + 3
+    pencolor(r % 200, g % 200, b % 200)
+
+    l = 3.0 / 4.0 * l
+
+    lt(s)
+    fd(l)
+
+    if level < lv:
+        draw_tree(l, level + 1)
+    bk(l)
+    rt(2 * s)
+    fd(l)
+
+    if level < lv:
+        draw_tree(l, level + 1)
+    bk(l)
+    lt(s)
+
+    # restore the previous pen width
+    width(w)
+
+speed("fastest")
+
+draw_tree(l, 4)
+
+done()
\ No newline at end of file

base/username.json

+"wu"
\ No newline at end of file

base/while.py

+current_number = 1
+while current_number <=5:
+	print(current_number)
+	current_number += 1
+
+# break
+prompt = '\n请输入你喜欢的城市名称:'
+prompt += '\n输入 "quit" 退出 '
+while True:
+	city = input(prompt)
+
+	if city == 'quit':
+		break
+	else:
+		print('我喜欢去 ' + city + '!')
+

base/write_message.py

+filename = 'programming.txt'
+
+# w 表示写入模式, 还有 r 读取模式, a 附加模式, r+读取和写入文件的模式, 省略模式实参,默认为只读
+with open(filename, 'w') as file_object:
+	# 多条语句可以写入多行
+	file_object.write('我喜欢编程.\n')
+	file_object.write('我喜欢创建一个新的游戏.\n')
+
+# 附加到文件, 就是给文件添加内容, 而不是覆盖
+with open(filename, 'a') as file_object:
+	# 多条语句可以写入多行
+	file_object.write('我喜欢python.\n')
+	file_object.write('我喜欢java.')
\ No newline at end of file

base/第7章 用户输入和while循环.py

+# input()
+message = input("请输入你的名称: ")
+print('hello ' + message)
+age = input("请输入你的年龄: ")
+age = int(age)
+print(age)
\ No newline at end of file

base/第8章 函数.py

+# 定义函数
+def greet_user():
+	"""文档注释, 描述此函数的功能"""
+	print("hello")
+
+greet_user()
+
+# 向函数传递信息
+def greet_user(username):
+	"""显示简单的问候语"""
+	print("Hello, " + username.title() + "!")
+
+greet_user('tom')
+
+
+# 位置实参
+def describe_pet(animal_type, pet_name):
+	"""显示宠物的信息"""
+	print("我的 " + animal_type + ' 的名字是 ' + pet_name)
+
+describe_pet('狗', '小黄')
+describe_pet('猫', '小黑')
+
+# 关键字实参
+describe_pet(pet_name='小红', animal_type='鸡')
+
+# 默认值 默认值放在后面
+def describe_pet2(pet_name, animal_type='dog'):
+	"""显示宠物的信息"""
+	print("我的 " + animal_type + ' 的名字是 ' + pet_name)
+
+describe_pet2(pet_name='小黄')
+describe_pet2('大黄')
+describe_pet2('大黄2', '狗')
+
+# 默认值 默认值放在前面 SyntaxError: non-default argument follows default argument 会报错
+# def describe_pet3(animal_type='dog', pet_name):
+# 	"""显示宠物的信息"""
+# 	print("我的 " + animal_type + ' 的名字是 ' + pet_name)
+
+# 返回值
+def get_formatted_name(frist_name, last_name):
+	"""返回整洁的姓名"""
+	full_name = frist_name + ' ' + last_name
+	return full_name.title()
+
+# 函数调用
+musician = get_formatted_name('jimi', 'hendrix')
+print(musician)
+
+# 返回字典
+def build_person(frist_name, last_name):
+	"""返回一个字典, 其中包含一个人的信息"""
+	person = {'first': frist_name, 'last': last_name}
+	return person
+
+musician = build_person('jimi', 'hendrix')
+print(musician)
+
+# 在函数中修改列表
+def print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models):
+	"""
+	模拟打印每个设计, 直到没有末打印的设计为止
+	打印每个设计后, 都将其移到列表completed_models中
+	"""
+
+	while unprinted_designs:
+		current_design = unprinted_designs.pop()
+
+		# 模拟根据设计制作3D打印模型的过程
+		print('打印 模型: ' + current_design)
+		completed_models.append(current_design)
+
+def show_completed_models(completed_models):
+	"""显示打印好的所有模型"""
+	print('\n')
+	for completed_model in completed_models:
+		print(completed_model)
+
+unprinted_designs = ['iphone case', 'robot pendant', 'dodecahedron']
+completed_models = []
+print('打印前 未打印的列表: ')
+print(unprinted_designs)
+# print_models(unprinted_designs, completed_models)
+# unprinted_designs[:] 这个表示 unprinted_designs 列表的副本, 不会改变原来unprinted_designs的数据
+print_models(unprinted_designs[:], completed_models)
+show_completed_models(completed_models)
+
+print('打印后 未打印的列表: ')
+print(unprinted_designs)
+
+# 传递任意参数的实参 *toppings
+def make_pizza(*toppings):
+	print(toppings)
+
+# 看到打印结果 看打印的结果实际上是 使用元祖来存储 任意数量的实参的
+make_pizza('peperoni')
+make_pizza('mushrooms', 'green peppers', 5)
+
+# 使用位置实参和任意数量实参
+def make_pizza(size, *toppings):
+	print(size)
+	print(toppings)
+
+make_pizza(16, 'green peppers', 'mushrooms')
+
+# 使用任意数量的关键字实参
+def build_profile(first, last, **user_info):
+	"""创建一个字典,包含我们知道的有关用户的一切"""
+	profile = {}
+	profile['frist_name'] = first
+	profile['last_name'] = last
+	for key, value in user_info.items():
+		profile[key] = value
+	return profile
+
+user_profile = build_profile('albert', 'einstein', location='princeton', field='physics')
+print(user_profile)
+	
\ No newline at end of file