Ported from the last FIPS release, with DUAL_EC and SHA1 and the
self-tests removed.  Since only AES-CTR is supported, other code
simplifications were done.  Removed the "entropy blocklen" concept.

Moved internal functions to new include/internal/rand.h.
Reviewed-by: NPaul Dale <paul.dale@oracle.com>
(Merged from https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/3789)